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Comparative study on synteny between yeasts and vertebrates.

Guénola Drillon1, Gilles Fischer

  • 1CNRS UMR7238, Laboratoire de Génomique des Microorganismes, Université Pierre-et-Marie-Curie, Institut des Cordeliers, 15 rue de l'École-de-Médecine, 75006 Paris, France.

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|August 9, 2011
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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Comparative analysis of yeast and vertebrate genomes reveals distinct chromosomal plasticity. Vertebrates show increasing synteny blocks with protein divergence, while yeasts exhibit this only up to a threshold before rearrangements dominate.

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Area of Science:

  • Comparative genomics
  • Evolutionary biology
  • Molecular evolution

Background:

  • Understanding chromosomal plasticity is crucial for evolutionary studies.
  • Synteny conservation provides insights into genome evolution across different taxa.
  • Previous studies have explored synteny in various species groups.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To comparatively analyze chromosomal plasticity between yeast and vertebrate species.
  • To investigate the relationship between protein divergence and synteny block conservation.
  • To determine and compare rates of chromosomal rearrangements in yeasts and vertebrates.

Main Methods:

  • Computation of conserved synteny regions between all pairwise species combinations within yeast and vertebrate groups.
  • Analysis of orthologous protein divergence to correlate with synteny block characteristics.
  • Estimation of chromosomal rearrangement rates per million years and normalized per megabase.

Main Results:

  • In vertebrates, conserved synteny blocks increase exponentially with protein divergence, while genes per block decrease.
  • Yeasts show similar trends up to 36% mean protein divergence; beyond this, rearrangements decrease recognizable synteny blocks.
  • Vertebrates exhibit 3-fold higher average rearrangement rates (2 rearrangements/Myr) than yeasts, but yeast genomes show ~50-fold higher normalized rearrangement rates (per Mb).

Conclusions:

  • Chromosomal plasticity differs significantly between yeasts and vertebrates, influenced by genome size and rearrangement rates.
  • Protein divergence impacts synteny conservation differently across these phyla.
  • Normalized rearrangement rates highlight a higher evolutionary dynamism in yeast genomes despite lower absolute rates.