Search research articles

ABOUT JoVE

Overview Leadership Blog JoVE Help Center

AUTHORS

Publishing Process Editorial Board Scope & Policies Peer Review FAQ Submit

LIBRARIANS

Testimonials Subscriptions Access Resources Library Advisory Board FAQ

RESEARCH

JoVE Journal Methods Collections JoVE Encyclopedia of Experiments Archive

EDUCATION

JoVE Core JoVE Business JoVE Science Education JoVE Lab Manual Faculty Resource Center Faculty Site

Terms & Conditions of Use

Related Concept Videos

Brain Imaging

Brain Imaging

Brain imaging technologies provide critical insights into both the structure and function of the human brain, enabling medical professionals and researchers to diagnose, study, and treat neurological disorders or psychiatric disorders more effectively.
These technologies include computerized axial tomography (CAT or CT scans), positron-emission tomography (PET scans), magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI), and Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation (TMS).

Higher Mental Functions of Brain: Learning and Memory

Higher Mental Functions of Brain: Learning and Memory

Memory is one of the most vital higher mental functions of the brain. Memory is closely related to learning because it enables us to retain information and experiences from our past to use them in our present life. It also helps us to remember facts, events, and skills, such as riding a bike or swimming. There are two types of memory — declarative memory, which involves memorizing facts or events, and procedural memory, which enables us to remember how to do something like writing or playing an...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by

Same author

Trauma-Exposed Adolescents Show Reduced Cortical Glutamate Modulation during Inhibitory Control with Negative Emotional Stimuli.

bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology·2026

Same author

Reading Disabilities With and Without Co-Occurring ADHD: No Evidence for Additive Impact on Reading Skills.

Scientific studies of reading : the official journal of the Society for the Scientific Study of Reading·2026

Same author

Neurodiversity in the brain: More variable localization of face regions in autism.

bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology·2026

Same author

Precision fMRI reveals that the language network exhibits adult-like left-hemispheric lateralization by 4 years of age.

Nature communications·2026

Same author

MR software tools for real-time decision making and FOV prescription.

Proceedings of the International Society for Magnetic Resonance in Medicine ... Scientific Meeting and Exhibition. International Society for Magnetic Resonance in Medicine. Scientific Meeting and Exhibition·2026

Same author

Real-Time, Inline Quantitative MRI Enabled by Scanner-Integrated Machine Learning: A Proof of Principle With NODDI.

Magnetic resonance in medicine·2026

Search research articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 30, 2026

A Protocol for the Administration of Real-Time fMRI Neurofeedback Training

A Protocol for the Administration of Real-Time fMRI Neurofeedback Training

Published on: August 24, 2017

When the brain is prepared to learn: enhancing human learning using real-time fMRI.

Julie J Yoo¹, Oliver Hinds, Noa Ofen

¹McGovern Institute for Brain Research, Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, MA, USA. julieyoo@mit.edu

|August 9, 2011

Summary

Neuroimaging can detect brain states that improve or hinder learning. Presenting information during optimal brain states, identified via parahippocampal cortex activity, enhances memory formation for scenes.

More Related Videos

Real-Time fMRI Brain Mapping in Animals

Real-Time fMRI Brain Mapping in Animals

Published on: September 24, 2020

Inter-Brain Synchrony in Open-Ended Collaborative Learning: An fNIRS-Hyperscanning Study

Inter-Brain Synchrony in Open-Ended Collaborative Learning: An fNIRS-Hyperscanning Study

Published on: July 21, 2021

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: May 30, 2026

A Protocol for the Administration of Real-Time fMRI Neurofeedback Training

A Protocol for the Administration of Real-Time fMRI Neurofeedback Training

Published on: August 24, 2017

Real-Time fMRI Brain Mapping in Animals

Real-Time fMRI Brain Mapping in Animals

Published on: September 24, 2020

Inter-Brain Synchrony in Open-Ended Collaborative Learning: An fNIRS-Hyperscanning Study

Inter-Brain Synchrony in Open-Ended Collaborative Learning: An fNIRS-Hyperscanning Study

Published on: July 21, 2021

Area of Science:

Cognitive Neuroscience
Neuroimaging
Human Learning

Background:

Learning and memory formation rates fluctuate due to dynamic brain states.
Functional neuroimaging has identified neural correlates of learning but not causally enhanced it.
The parahippocampal cortex (PHC) is crucial for scene memory.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate if real-time neuroimaging can causally enhance human learning.
To determine if specific brain states predict learning preparedness.
To leverage PHC activity to optimize learning conditions.

Main Methods:

Real-time monitoring of parahippocampal cortex (PHC) activation.
Triggering scene presentations based on detected "good" or "bad" learning brain states.
Assessing subsequent recognition memory accuracy.

Main Results:

Recognition memory was significantly more accurate for scenes presented during "good" brain states compared to "bad" states.
Neuroimaging successfully identified brain states that enhance or impair learning in real-time.
This demonstrates a causal link between brain state and learning efficacy.

Conclusions:

Functional neuroimaging can causally enhance human learning by identifying and utilizing optimal brain states.
This approach may accelerate educational and training programs.
Using neuroimaging as a causal tool offers new insights into the neural basis of cognition.