Urine proteomics in clinical applications: technologies, principal considerations and clinical implementation

Area of Science:

• Proteomics and biomarker discovery for disease diagnosis.

Background:

• Technological advancements in proteome analysis have significantly increased studies focused on identifying biomarkers.
• The transition from potential biomarkers to clinically significant ones is a critical area of research.

Purpose of the Study:

• To review the technical aspects of proteomics for biomarker discovery in disease diagnosis.
• To illustrate the pathway from biomarker identification to clinical application.
• To discuss challenges and future directions in the field.

Main Methods:

• Focus on urine as a biological sample source.
• Utilizes capillary electrophoresis coupled with mass spectrometry (CE-MS) as a key technology.
• Summarizes technical aspects relevant to biomarker discovery.

Main Results:

• Presents examples of successful proteomic studies identifying 'biomarker patterns'.
• Highlights the clinical application of these identified patterns, particularly from urine samples.
• Demonstrates the utility of CE-MS in biomarker discovery.

Conclusions:

• Proteomics offers powerful tools for disease biomarker discovery.
• Successful translation requires robust methodologies and validation, exemplified by urine biomarker patterns.
• Addressing current challenges is crucial for advancing clinical proteomics applications.