Proteome profile changes in SH-SY5y neuronal cells after treatment with neurotrophic factors

Artemin, one of glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factors (GDNFs) supports sensory neuron. Although a role of artemin and GDNF as neurite outgrowth regulators in early neuron development has been suggested, the immediate effects of artemin and GDNF on neuronal cells have not been elucidated. Here, we investigated artemin and GDNF actions on the neuronal cell proteome. To identify immediate-early protein changes by artemin and GDNF in neuronal cells, we used a differential proteomics approach in SH-SY5y human neuronal cells treated with artemin or GDNF for 1 h. Eleven proteins that changed after both artemin and GDNF treatment were identified using two-dimensional gel electrophoresis and matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization time-of-flight tandem mass spectroscopy. The calcium ion-binding chaperone calreticulin and calcium/calmodulin-binding nuclear matrix protein matrin 3 showed common quantitative differences after both artemin and GDNF treatment. Cytoskeletal proteins also showed quantitative profile differences, which are functionally relevant to cytoskeletal rearrangement leading to the neurite elongation in neurons. These protein changes were detected in neuronal cells without accompanying changes in mRNA levels. These results suggest that immediate changes induced by artemin and GDNF are related to cytoskeletal protein level changes without transcriptional regulation.