Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Frequency-dependent Selection01:21

Frequency-dependent Selection

When the fitness of a trait is influenced by how common it is (i.e., its frequency) relative to different traits within a population, this is referred to as frequency-dependent selection. Frequency-dependent selection may occur between species or within a single species. This type of selection can either be positive—with more common phenotypes having higher fitness—or negative, with rarer phenotypes conferring increased fitness.
Expected Frequencies in Goodness-of-Fit Tests01:19

Expected Frequencies in Goodness-of-Fit Tests

A goodness-of-fit test is conducted to determine whether the observed frequency values are statistically similar to the frequencies expected for the dataset. Suppose the expected frequencies for a dataset are equal such as when predicting the frequency of any number appearing when casting a die. In that case, the expected frequency is the ratio of the total number of observations (n) to the number of categories (k).
Inclusive Fitness00:57

Inclusive Fitness

Most altruistic behavior—in which one animal helps another at a cost to themselves—occurs between relatives. Scientists think these altruistic behaviors evolved because they increase the inclusive fitness of the animal providing help.
Types of Selection01:46

Types of Selection

Natural selection influences the frequencies of particular alleles and phenotypes within populations in several different ways. Primarily, natural selection can be directional, stabilizing, or disruptive. Directional selection favors one extreme trait and shifts the population towards that phenotype while selecting against individuals displaying alternate traits. Stabilizing selection favors an intermediate trait with a narrow range of variation. Deviation from the optimal phenotype towards an...
Personal Choice and Fate Attributions01:19

Personal Choice and Fate Attributions

Some individuals interpret life events as a consequence of their personal choices and actions, while others believe that outcomes are dictated by fate or destiny. This divergence in perspective has been examined in psychological and cross-cultural studies, particularly in relation to religious faith and cultural beliefs about causality.Fate and Personal ResponsibilityPeople who emphasize personal responsibility view events as direct consequences of their decisions. For instance, breaking a leg...
Functional Groups02:45

Functional Groups

Functional groups are a group of atoms with characteristic properties, which when linked to the carbon skeleton of a molecule, alter the properties of that molecule. For example, the presence of certain functional groups on a molecule will make them hydrophilic, whereas others will make them hydrophobic. These functional groups are an indispensable part of organic chemistry and important components of biological molecules, such as carbohydrates, proteins, lipids, and nucleic acids. Each...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Average Estimates in Line Graphs Are Biased Toward Areas of Higher Variability.

IEEE transactions on visualization and computer graphics·2023
Same author

Difficulty limits of visual mental imagery.

Cognition·2023
Same author

Symmetry and spatial ability enhance change detection in visuospatial structures.

Memory & cognition·2022
Same author

Visual working memory for connected 3D objects: effects of stimulus complexity, dimensionality and connectivity.

Cognitive research: principles and implications·2022
Same author

The Science of Visual Data Communication: What Works.

Psychological science in the public interest : a journal of the American Psychological Society·2021
Same author

Truth or Square: Aspect Ratio Biases Recall of Position Encodings.

IEEE transactions on visualization and computer graphics·2020
Same journal

How Does the Mind Grow? Cross-Cultural Intuitive Theories of Mental Development.

Psychological science·2026
Same journal

Not All Practice Is Created Equal: Longitudinal Evidence From Over 40,000 Chess Players.

Psychological science·2026
Same journal

Eye Glint as a Novel Perceptual Cue in Human Vision.

Psychological science·2026
Same journal

Multitarget Visual Search Flexibly Switches Between Concurrent and Sequential Search Modes.

Psychological science·2026
Same journal

Motive Alignment Promotes Adolescents' Proenvironmental Behavior: A Field Experiment in Two Cultures.

Psychological science·2026
Same journal

Retributive Sentiments Track Both Deterrent and Compensatory Concerns in a Small-Scale Society and a WEIRD Sample.

Psychological science·2026
See all related articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 30, 2026

Selecting Multiple Biomarker Subsets with Similarly Effective Binary Classification Performances
07:35

Selecting Multiple Biomarker Subsets with Similarly Effective Binary Classification Performances

Published on: October 11, 2018

Common-fate grouping as feature selection.

Brian R Levinthal1, Steven L Franconeri

  • 1Department of Psychology, Northwestern University, 2029 Sheridan Rd., Evanston, IL 60208, USA. b-levinthal@northwestern.edu

Psychological Science
|August 11, 2011
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

The visual system may only form one "common fate" group at a time, based on motion direction. Searching for specific motion groups among others is inefficient, suggesting simultaneous grouping might be an illusion.

More Related Videos

Generating the Transcriptional Regulation View of Transcriptomic Features for Prediction Task and Dark Biomarker Detection on Small Datasets
03:37

Generating the Transcriptional Regulation View of Transcriptomic Features for Prediction Task and Dark Biomarker Detection on Small Datasets

Published on: March 1, 2024

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: May 30, 2026

Selecting Multiple Biomarker Subsets with Similarly Effective Binary Classification Performances
07:35

Selecting Multiple Biomarker Subsets with Similarly Effective Binary Classification Performances

Published on: October 11, 2018

Generating the Transcriptional Regulation View of Transcriptomic Features for Prediction Task and Dark Biomarker Detection on Small Datasets
03:37

Generating the Transcriptional Regulation View of Transcriptomic Features for Prediction Task and Dark Biomarker Detection on Small Datasets

Published on: March 1, 2024

Area of Science:

  • Cognitive Psychology
  • Neuroscience
  • Visual Perception

Background:

  • The visual system's ability to group elements is fundamental to perception.
  • Despite extensive research, the precise mechanisms underlying visual grouping remain unclear.
  • Common fate, where elements moving together are perceived as a group, is a key grouping principle.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the attentional mechanisms underlying grouping by common fate.
  • To test the hypothesis that attentional selection of motion direction is the primary mechanism.
  • To determine if the visual system is limited to forming only one common-fate group simultaneously.

Main Methods:

  • Participants performed visual search tasks involving groups of moving dots.
  • Experiment 1: Search for vertically oriented common-fate groups among horizontally oriented groups.
  • Experiment 2: Search for motion-linked groups among non-linked objects.

Main Results:

  • Search efficiency was significantly reduced when attempting to isolate a specific common-fate group.
  • Performance degraded when searching among distractors with similar motion-based grouping cues.
  • Results support the limitation of forming only one common-fate group at a time.

Conclusions:

  • Attentional selection of motion direction may be a key mechanism for common fate grouping.
  • The visual system appears limited to constructing a single common-fate group concurrently.
  • The perception of simultaneous grouping may arise from rapid sequential processing or be illusory.