Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Ferromagnetism01:31

Ferromagnetism

Materials like iron, nickel, and cobalt consist of magnetic domains, within which the magnetic dipoles are arranged parallel to each other. The magnetic dipoles are rigidly aligned in the same direction within a domain by quantum mechanical coupling among the atoms. This coupling is so strong that even thermal agitation at room temperature cannot break it. The result is that each domain has a net dipole moment. However, some materials have weaker coupling, and are ferromagnetic at lower...
Hybridization of Atomic Orbitals I03:24

Hybridization of Atomic Orbitals I

The mathematical expression known as the wave function, ψ, contains information about each orbital and the wavelike properties of electrons in an isolated atom. When atoms are bound together in a molecule, the wave functions combine to produce new mathematical descriptions that have different shapes. This process of combining the wave functions for atomic orbitals is called hybridization and is mathematically accomplished by the linear combination of atomic orbitals. The new orbitals that...
Valence Bond Theory02:42

Valence Bond Theory

Coordination compounds and complexes exhibit different colors, geometries, and magnetic behavior, depending on the metal atom/ion and ligands from which they are composed. In an attempt to explain the bonding and structure of coordination complexes, Linus Pauling proposed the valence bond theory, or VBT, using the concepts of hybridization and the overlapping of the atomic orbitals. According to VBT, the central metal atom or ion (Lewis acid) hybridizes to provide empty orbitals of suitable...
Lattice Energies of Ionic Crystals01:27

Lattice Energies of Ionic Crystals

Lattice energy represents the energy released when gaseous cations and anions combine to form an ionic solid, reflecting the strength of electrostatic interactions within the crystal. This process is fundamentally governed by Coulombic attraction between oppositely charged ions, where the potential energy varies inversely with the interionic distance and directly with the product of ionic charges. As ions approach one another, the electrostatic energy becomes increasingly negative, indicating a...
Crystal Field Theory - Octahedral Complexes02:58

Crystal Field Theory - Octahedral Complexes

Crystal Field Theory
To explain the observed behavior of transition metal complexes (such as colors), a model involving electrostatic interactions between the electrons from the ligands and the electrons in the unhybridized d orbitals of the central metal atom has been developed. This electrostatic model is crystal field theory (CFT). It helps to understand, interpret, and predict the colors, magnetic behavior, and some structures of coordination compounds of transition metals.
CFT focuses on...
Colors and Magnetism03:02

Colors and Magnetism

Color in Coordination Complexes
When atoms or molecules absorb light at the proper frequency, their electrons are excited to higher-energy orbitals. For many main group atoms and molecules, the absorbed photons are in the ultraviolet range of the electromagnetic spectrum, which cannot be detected by the human eye. For coordination compounds, the energy difference between the d orbitals often allows photons in the visible range to be absorbed and emitted, which is seen as colors by the human eye.

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Rapid differentiation of MOGAD and MS after a single optic neuritis.

Journal of neurology·2024
Same author

Improving the sensitivity of myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein-antibody testing: exclusive or predominant MOG-IgG3 seropositivity-a potential diagnostic pitfall in patients with MOG-EM/MOGAD.

Journal of neurology·2024
Same author

Real-world evidence of ocrelizumab-treated relapsing multiple sclerosis cohort shows changes in progression independent of relapse activity mirroring phase 3 trials.

Scientific reports·2023
Same author

Extended p_{3/2} Neutron Orbital and the N=32 Shell Closure in ^{52}Ca.

Physical review letters·2023
Same author

Characteristic retinal atrophy pattern allows differentiation between pediatric MOGAD and MS after a single optic neuritis episode.

Journal of neurology·2022
Same author

Pairing Forces Govern Population of Doubly Magic ^{54}Ca from Direct Reactions.

Physical review letters·2021

Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 30, 2026

Sputter Growth and Characterization of Metamagnetic B2-ordered FeRh Epilayers
12:20

Sputter Growth and Characterization of Metamagnetic B2-ordered FeRh Epilayers

Published on: October 5, 2013

The soft optic mode in ferroelastic Rb(4)LiH(3)(SO(4))(4).

O Aktas1, M J Clouter, G Quirion

  • 1Department of Physics and Physical Oceanography, Memorial University, St John's, NF, A1B 3X7, Canada.

Journal of Physics. Condensed Matter : an Institute of Physics Journal
|August 11, 2011
PubMed
Summary

Raman scattering reveals Rb(4)LiH(3)(SO(4))(4) undergoes a pseudo-proper ferroelastic transition at 134 K. A soft 31 cm(-1) mode indicates this structural change, differing from proper ferroelastic behavior.

More Related Videos

Hyperspectral Imaging as a Tool to Study Optical Anisotropy in Lanthanide-Based Molecular Single Crystals
07:24

Hyperspectral Imaging as a Tool to Study Optical Anisotropy in Lanthanide-Based Molecular Single Crystals

Published on: April 14, 2020

Molten-Salt Synthesis of Complex Metal Oxide Nanoparticles
08:43

Molten-Salt Synthesis of Complex Metal Oxide Nanoparticles

Published on: October 27, 2018

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: May 30, 2026

Sputter Growth and Characterization of Metamagnetic B2-ordered FeRh Epilayers
12:20

Sputter Growth and Characterization of Metamagnetic B2-ordered FeRh Epilayers

Published on: October 5, 2013

Hyperspectral Imaging as a Tool to Study Optical Anisotropy in Lanthanide-Based Molecular Single Crystals
07:24

Hyperspectral Imaging as a Tool to Study Optical Anisotropy in Lanthanide-Based Molecular Single Crystals

Published on: April 14, 2020

Molten-Salt Synthesis of Complex Metal Oxide Nanoparticles
08:43

Molten-Salt Synthesis of Complex Metal Oxide Nanoparticles

Published on: October 27, 2018

Area of Science:

  • Condensed Matter Physics
  • Materials Science
  • Crystallography

Background:

  • Ferroelastic compounds exhibit spontaneous strain and domain structures.
  • Understanding structural transitions is crucial for material properties.
  • Rb(4)LiH(3)(SO(4))(4) is a known ferroelastic material.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the nature of the structural transition in Rb(4)LiH(3)(SO(4))(4) at 134 K.
  • To differentiate between proper and pseudo-proper ferroelastic transitions.
  • To analyze the role of Raman active modes in the transition.

Main Methods:

  • Raman scattering measurements were conducted.
  • A double-grating spectrometer was employed.
  • Temperature-dependent back-scattering experiments were performed.

Main Results:

  • Raman active B modes of Rb(4)LiH(3)(SO(4))(4) were identified.
  • A characteristic softening of the 31 cm(-1) mode was observed with decreasing temperature.
  • This softening is consistent with the behavior of an order parameter.

Conclusions:

  • The structural transition in Rb(4)LiH(3)(SO(4))(4) at 134 K is classified as pseudo-proper ferroelastic.
  • The observed soft mode provides evidence for the nature of the transition.
  • The findings distinguish this transition from a proper ferroelastic type.