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Chi Young Shim1, Woo-In Yang, Sungha Park

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Overweight women exhibit increased wave reflection after exercise compared to lean women, despite similar resting hemodynamics. This suggests being overweight impacts arterial response to physical activity.

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Area of Science:

  • Cardiology
  • Exercise Physiology
  • Vascular Biology

Background:

  • Obesity is linked to arterial stiffening, left ventricular hypertrophy, and diastolic dysfunction.
  • Limited data exists on dynamic arterial hemodynamic changes during exercise in overweight individuals.
  • Overweight women may exhibit distinct exercise-induced wave reflection patterns compared to lean women.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate dynamic changes in arterial hemodynamics during exercise in overweight versus lean women.
  • To compare exercise-induced wave reflection patterns between overweight and lean women.
  • To determine if body mass index is an independent predictor of post-exercise wave reflection.

Main Methods:

  • 59 overweight and 68 lean women (mean age 63 years) underwent symptom-limited supine bicycle exercise testing.
  • Two-dimensional and Doppler echocardiography were used for simultaneous assessment.
  • Central hemodynamics, including central aortic pressure and augmentation index (AIx), were measured at rest and peak exercise via radial artery tonometry.

Main Results:

  • Overweight women had higher LV mass index and lower early diastolic mitral annular velocity.
  • At rest, no significant differences in AIx or AIx normalized for heart rate 75/min (AIx@75) were observed between groups.
  • Post-exercise, overweight women showed significantly higher AIx and AIx@75 compared to lean women (P < 0.005).
  • Body mass index (BMI) strongly correlated with peak exercise AIx and AIx@75, and was an independent determinant of AIx@75.

Conclusions:

  • Overweight women demonstrate altered wave reflection responses following exercise compared to lean women.
  • Despite similar resting hemodynamics, increased wave reflection post-exercise in overweight individuals highlights a potential cardiovascular risk.
  • These findings underscore the impact of excess weight on arterial function during physical exertion.