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Factors Affecting Dissolution: Particle Size and Effective Surface Area01:23

Factors Affecting Dissolution: Particle Size and Effective Surface Area

Dissolution kinetics, an essential aspect of oral drug delivery, is significantly influenced by the drug's particle size. According to the Noyes-Whitney dissolution model, the dissolution rate correlates directly with the drug's surface area. The larger the surface area, the higher the drug's solubility in water, leading to a faster drug dissolution rate. Reducing particle size increases the effective surface area, enhancing the dissolution process. Micronization and nanosizing are employed to...
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Continuous-release drug delivery systems offer a strategic approach to maintaining therapeutic drug levels over extended periods following oral administration. By modulating the release rate of active pharmaceutical ingredients, these systems minimize fluctuations in plasma concentrations, which enhances clinical efficacy and reduces the need for frequent dosing. Such characteristics make them particularly advantageous in managing chronic diseases where patient adherence and stable drug...
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Oral drug delivery is the most common route of administration due to its convenience, cost-effectiveness, and high patient compliance. It enables precise formulation to ensure proper drug dosage and bioavailability. The development of oral dosage forms considers drug properties such as solubility, stability, and absorption to optimize therapeutic efficacy.Tablets, capsules, liquids, and chewable formulations enhance drug stability, mask undesirable tastes, and improve patient experience.
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Conventional oral drug products, termed immediate-release (IR) formulations, are engineered to promptly release their active pharmaceutical ingredient (API) upon ingestion, typically in tablets or capsules. This rapid release often results in swift drug absorption and consequent pharmacodynamic effects, although the timing and intensity can vary depending on the drug's properties. Prodrugs within these formulations require metabolic conversion to activate their pharmacodynamic effects,...
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Delayed-release drug delivery systems are specialized pharmaceutical formulations designed to postpone the release of active compounds until the drug reaches a specific region of the gastrointestinal (GI) tract, typically the intestine. These systems are essential for drugs that may cause gastric irritation, are unstable in acidic environments, or need to exert therapeutic effects locally in the intestinal or colonic regions.The core feature of delayed-release systems is the use of enteric...
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Oral fast-release solid dispersion-paradigm shift to nanoparticles.

Tin W Wong1

  • 1Non-Destructive Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Research Centre, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universiti Teknologi MARA, 42300 Puncak Alam, Selangor, Malaysia. wongtinwui@salam.uitm.edu.my

Recent Patents on Drug Delivery & Formulation
|August 13, 2011
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Nanoparticulate systems offer a solution for fast-release solid dispersions of poorly water-soluble drugs. Drug nanoencapsulation enhances dissolution by increasing surface area and reducing aggregation.

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Area of Science:

  • Pharmaceutical Sciences
  • Materials Science

Background:

  • Designing fast-release solid dispersions for poorly water-soluble drugs faces challenges like drug recrystallization, polymorphism, low drug-to-carrier ratios, and particle aggregation.
  • Traditional solid dispersion methods struggle to overcome these limitations effectively.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review patented processing approaches for nanoparticulate solid dispersions.
  • To highlight how nanoparticulate systems can resolve complexities in solid dispersion design.

Main Methods:

  • Review of recently reported patented processing approaches for nanoparticulate solid dispersions.
  • Analysis of drug nanoencapsulation strategies.

Main Results:

  • Drug nanoencapsulation enables higher drug content delivery with reduced aggregation by utilizing numerous smaller carriers.
  • The formation of submicron particles through nanoencapsulation significantly increases the drug's specific surface area.
  • This increased surface area leads to a remarkable rise in drug dissolution rates.

Conclusions:

  • Nanoparticulate solid dispersions offer a promising strategy to overcome challenges associated with traditional solid dispersions.
  • Drug nanoencapsulation can achieve dissolution rates high enough to minimize the impact of polymorphism and crystallization.
  • This approach facilitates the development of effective oral fast-release formulations for poorly water-soluble drugs.