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5-Carb-oxy-2-isopropyl-1H-imidazol-3-ium-4-carboxyl-ate monohydrate
Abstract:
In the title compound, C(8)H(10)N(2)O(4)·H(2)O, the imidazole N atom is protonated and one of the carboxyl-ate groups is deprotoned, forming a zwitterion. An intra-molecular O-H⋯O hydrogen bond occurs. The crystal structure is stabilized by inter-molecular N-H⋯O and O-H⋯O hydrogen bonds. In addition, inter-molecular N-H⋯O and O-H⋯O hydrogen bonds link the mol-ecules into two-dimensional networks parallel to (10[Formula: see text]).
Related Concept Videos
IUPAC Nomenclature of Carboxylic Acids
For acyclic saturated monocarboxylic acids, the longest hydrocarbon chain containing the –COOH carbon is identified as the parent chain. Then, the last -e of the parent hydrocarbon name is replaced with a suffix -oic acid.
Nomenclature of Carboxylic Acid Derivatives: Acid Halides, Esters, and Acid Anhydrides
The IUPAC and common names of acid halides are derived from the corresponding carboxylic acids, by changing “ic acid” to “yl halide.” For example, as shown below, the IUPAC name ethanoyl chloride is derived from ethanoic acid, and the common name, acetyl chloride, is obtained from acetic acid.
Nomenclature of Carboxylic Acid Derivatives: Amides and Nitriles
The IUPAC and common names of amides are derived from the parent carboxylic acid, by replacing the suffix “oic acid” and “ic acid,” respectively, with “amide.” In the following example, the IUPAC name ethanamide is derived from ethanoic acid, and the common name, acetamide, is obtained from acetic acid.
Organic Compounds
Amides to Carboxylic Acids: Hydrolysis
Acid-catalyzed hydrolysis:
Hydrolysis of amides under acidic conditions yields carboxylic acids. Since the reaction occurs slowly, hydrolysis requires the conditions of heat.
The mechanism begins with the protonation of the carbonyl oxygen by the acid catalyst. The protonation makes the amide carbonyl carbon more...

