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Amniotic band syndrome: a case report.

A M Buccoliero¹, F Castiglione, F Garbini

¹Department of Biomedicine, Careggi Hospital, Florence, Italy. ambuccoliero@unifi.it

|August 16, 2011

Summary

Amniotic band syndrome, a rare congenital condition, can cause severe fetal malformations and death. This case report details a male infant with craniofacial anomalies, meningoencephalocele, and other deformities due to amniotic bands.

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Area of Science:

Medical Genetics
Developmental Biology
Pathology

Background:

Amniotic band syndrome (ABS) is a rare congenital disorder.
It arises from the entrapment of fetal parts by amniotic bands, leading to malformations.

Observation:

A male preterm infant presented with severe craniofacial anomalies at 14 weeks gestation.
Autopsy revealed frontoparietal meningoencephalocele, cleft lip/palate, and agenesis of the right eye.
A fibrous band, composed of amniotic membranes, was attached near the meningoencephalocele base.

Findings:

The infant exhibited significant brain abnormalities, including architectural disorganization and immaturity.
Associated findings included occipital hyperostosis and severe facial and ocular deformities.
Microscopic examination confirmed the fibrous band's amniotic origin and its association with congenital defects.

Implications:

This case underscores the potential for amniotic band syndrome to cause severe fetal malformations.
Early diagnosis and understanding of ABS pathogenesis are crucial for managing affected pregnancies.
ABS can lead to significant fetal-infant morbidity and mortality, highlighting the need for further research.