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Related Concept Videos

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 30, 2026

Testing Sensory and Multisensory Function in Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder
09:13

Testing Sensory and Multisensory Function in Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder

Published on: April 22, 2015

Memory functioning in children and adolescents with autism.

Jason S Southwick1, Erin D Bigler2, Alyson Froehlich3

  • 1Department of Psychology, Brigham Young University.

Neuropsychology
|August 17, 2011
PubMed
Summary

Children with autism spectrum disorder show broad memory deficits across various tasks. Encoding and organization, not storage, appear to be the main challenges impacting memory performance in autism.

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Area of Science:

  • Neurodevelopmental Disorders
  • Cognitive Psychology
  • Pediatric Neurology

Background:

  • Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a complex neurodevelopmental condition.
  • Memory functioning is a critical area of cognitive development.
  • Understanding memory differences in autism is crucial for targeted interventions.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To assess and compare memory functioning in children and adolescents with autism and typically developing controls.
  • To identify specific patterns of memory deficits in the autism group.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized the Test of Memory and Learning (TOMAL) for clinical assessment.
  • Compared memory performance between 50 children/adolescents with autism and 36 typically developing controls.
  • Ensured group comparability in age, nonverbal IQ, handedness, and head circumference.

Main Results:

  • Significant differences in memory functioning were observed in the autism group across multiple TOMAL tasks (verbal, nonverbal, immediate, delayed).
  • These broad differences persisted even when matching for verbal IQ.
  • Similar retention of information after a delay was noted between groups.

Conclusions:

  • Episodic memory performance is broadly reduced in individuals with autism.
  • Inefficient cognitive processing strategies for information encoding and organization likely limit memory performance.
  • Storage and retrieval are less likely to be the primary factors limiting memory in autism.