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Attitude is our evaluation of a person, an idea, or an object. We have attitudes for many things ranging from products that we might pick up in the supermarket to people around the world to political policies. Typically, attitudes are favorable or unfavorable: positive or negative (Eagly & Chaiken, 1993). And, they have three components: an affective component (feelings), a behavioral component (the effect of the attitude on behavior), and a cognitive component (belief and knowledge;...
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Attitudes toward emotions.

Eddie Harmon-Jones1, Cindy Harmon-Jones, David M Amodio

  • 1Department of Psychology, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77845, USA. eddiehj@gmail.com

Journal of Personality and Social Psychology
|August 17, 2011
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This study introduces a theory and measure for attitudes toward emotions, finding they predict situation selection, traits, reactivity, and regulation strategies. Understanding these attitudes is key to emotional experience and management.

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Area of Science:

  • Psychology
  • Affective Science
  • Individual Differences

Background:

  • Attitudes toward emotions are underexplored as a factor in emotional experience.
  • Existing research often treats emotions monolithically, neglecting specific emotional attitudes.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop a theory and measure for attitudes toward specific emotions.
  • To investigate the predictive validity of these attitudes for emotional outcomes.

Main Methods:

  • Developed and validated a measure of attitudes toward five core emotions (anger, sadness, joy, fear, disgust).
  • Conducted five studies examining the relationships between attitudes toward emotions and situation selection, trait emotions, emotional reactivity, and emotion regulation.

Main Results:

  • Attitudes toward specific emotions formed distinct factors.
  • Attitudes toward emotions successfully predicted situation selection, trait emotions, state emotional reactivity, and emotion regulation strategies.
  • Approach emotions showed direct correlations with trait emotions, while withdrawal emotions showed inverse correlations.

Conclusions:

  • Individual differences in attitudes toward specific emotions significantly influence emotional life.
  • These attitudes are crucial for understanding how people select emotional situations, experience emotions, and regulate them.