Related Experiment Video
Updated: May 30, 2026

Breakfast Habits among Schoolchildren in the City of Uruguaiana, Brazil
Published on: July 29, 2020
[Design of the National Surveillance of Nutritional Indicators (MONIN), Peru 2007-2010]
Miguel Campos-Sánchez1, Rita Ricaldi-Sueldo, Marianella Miranda-Cuadros
1Departamento de Ciencias Exactas, Facultad de Ciencias y Filosofía, Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia, Lima, Perú. viperMCS@gmail.com
Objectives:
To describe the design and methods of the national surveillance of nutritional indicators (MONIN) 2007-2010, carried out by INS/CENAN.
Materials And Methods:
MONIN was designed as a continuous (repeated cross-sectional) survey, with stratified multi-stage random sampling, considering the universe as all under five children and pregnant women residing in Peru, divided into 5 geographical strata and 6 trimesters (randomly permuted weeks, about 78% of the time between November 19, 2007 and April 2, 2010).
Results:
The total sample was 3,827 children in 361 completed clusters. The dropout rate was 8.4% in clusters, 1.8% in houses, and 13.2% in households. Dropout was also 4.2, 13.3, 21.2, 55% and 29% in anthropometry, hemoglobin, food intake, retinol and ioduria measurements, respectively.
Conclusions:
The MONIN design is feasible and useful for the estimation of indicators of childhood malnutrition.
Related Concept Videos
Key Elements for Plant Nutrition
Principles of Disease Surveillance
Study Designs in Epidemiology
Observational studies are those where the researcher does not intervene but rather observes natural variations. They include cross-sectional, cohort, and case-control studies.
Parentral Nutrition: Centeral and Peripheral Parental Nutrition
PN can be administered through two primary routes:
1. Central Parenteral Nutrition (CPN):
CPN involves delivering a high concentration of nutrients through a large vein. This is typically achieved using a Peripherally Inserted Central Catheter (PICC) or,...
Dosage Regimen Designs: Nomograms and Tabulations
Guidelines For Measuring Vital Signs
Before taking a patient's vital signs, a nurse would consider and assess the patient's comfort level and ensure appropriate equipment is available.