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A case of contrast-induced encephalopathy using iodixanol
Emiliano Chisci1, Francesco Setacci, Gianmarco de Donato
1Department of Surgery, Vascular and Endovascular Surgery Unit, University of Siena, Siena, Italy. e.chisci@gmail.com
Summary
This case report details a rare complication, contrast-induced encephalopathy, following iodixanol contrast agent use during endovascular procedures. The patient fully recovered within 48 hours with prompt treatment.
Area of Science:
- Neurology
- Radiology
- Cardiology
Background:
- Contrast-induced encephalopathy (CIE) is a rare but serious complication associated with iodinated contrast media.
- Endovascular procedures, such as percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty and carotid artery stenting (CAS), often require the use of contrast agents.
Observation:
- A 76-year-old female patient experienced transient ischemic attacks and unstable angina prior to a combined CAS procedure.
- During the procedure, 300 mL of iodixanol contrast agent was administered.
- Immediately post-procedure, the patient developed aphasia, stupor, and hemiparesis, indicative of CIE.
Findings:
- Urgent computed tomography confirmed contrast-induced encephalopathy.
- The patient received anti-edema drug treatment.
- Neurological deficits resolved completely within 48 hours without sequelae.
Implications:
- This case highlights a previously unreported complication of iodixanol-induced encephalopathy in the context of endovascular procedures.
- It underscores the importance of recognizing CIE as a potential adverse event even with newer contrast agents.
- Further investigation into the specific mechanisms and risk factors for iodixanol-induced CIE may be warranted.
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