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Related Concept Videos

Replication in Eukaryotes02:31

Replication in Eukaryotes

Overview
Replication in Eukaryotes01:29

Replication in Eukaryotes

In eukaryotic cells, DNA replication is highly conserved and tightly regulated. Multiple linear chromosomes must be duplicated with high fidelity before cell division, so there are many proteins that fulfill specialized roles in the replication process. Replication occurs in three phases: initiation, elongation, and termination, and ends with two complete sets of chromosomes in the nucleus.
Many Proteins Orchestrate Replication at the Origin
Eukaryotic replication follows many of the same...
Replication in Eukaryotes01:29

Replication in Eukaryotes

In eukaryotic cells, DNA replication is highly conserved and tightly regulated. Multiple linear chromosomes must be duplicated with high fidelity before cell division, so there are many proteins that fulfill specialized roles in the replication process. Replication occurs in three phases: initiation, elongation, and termination, and ends with two complete sets of chromosomes in the nucleus.
Many Proteins Orchestrate Replication at the Origin
Eukaryotic replication follows many of the same...
Replication in Eukaryotes02:31

Replication in Eukaryotes

Overview
The DNA Replication Fork01:02

The DNA Replication Fork

An organism’s genome needs to be duplicated in an efficient and error-free manner for its growth and survival. The replication fork is a Y-shaped active region where two strands of DNA are separated and replicated continuously. The coupling of DNA unzipping and complementary strand synthesis is a characteristic feature of a replication fork.   Organisms with small circular DNA, such as E. coli, often have a single origin of replication; therefore, they have only two replication forks, one in...
The DNA Replication Fork01:02

The DNA Replication Fork

An organism’s genome needs to be duplicated in an efficient and error-free manner for its growth and survival. The replication fork is a Y-shaped active region where two strands of DNA are separated and replicated continuously. The coupling of DNA unzipping and complementary strand synthesis is a characteristic feature of a replication fork.   Organisms with small circular DNA, such as E. coli, often have a single origin of replication; therefore, they have only two replication forks, one in...

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Updated: May 30, 2026

G2-seq: A High Throughput Sequencing-based Technique for Identifying Late Replicating Regions of the Genome
06:40

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Published on: March 22, 2018

Balancing eukaryotic replication asymmetry with replication fidelity.

Thomas A Kunkel1

  • 1Laboratory of Molecular Genetics and Laboratory of Structural Biology, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, NIH, DHHS, Research Triangle Park, NC 27709, USA. kunkel@niehs.nih.gov

Current Opinion in Chemical Biology
|August 25, 2011
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Eukaryotic genome replication is asymmetric, leading to strand-specific instability. The cell corrects replication errors most efficiently when they occur most frequently.

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Area of Science:

  • Molecular Biology
  • Genetics
  • Biochemistry

Background:

  • Eukaryotic DNA replication is an asymmetric process involving leading and lagging strand synthesis.
  • DNA polymerases alpha, delta, and epsilon (Pol α, Pol δ, Pol ɛ) catalyze replication, exhibiting distinct properties and fidelity.
  • Recent research indicates Pol ɛ primarily synthesizes the leading strand, while Pol δ is mainly involved in lagging strand replication.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate how replication asymmetry contributes to strand-specific genome instability.
  • To understand the role of biased deoxynucleotide pools and unrepaired ribonucleotides in replication errors.
  • To explore the evolutionary adaptation of the replication machinery for error correction.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of DNA replication dynamics in eukaryotic systems.
  • Biochemical characterization of DNA polymerases involved in replication.
  • Assessment of genome instability markers associated with replication asymmetry.
  • Investigating the impact of nucleotide pool imbalances and ribonucleotide incorporation.

Main Results:

  • Replication asymmetry can lead to strand-specific genome instability.
  • Biased deoxynucleotide pools and unrepaired ribonucleotides are significant contributors to replication errors.
  • The eukaryotic replication machinery demonstrates enhanced correction of high-frequency replication errors.

Conclusions:

  • Replication asymmetry poses a risk for genome instability.
  • The cell has evolved sophisticated mechanisms to manage and correct replication-associated errors.
  • Understanding these processes is crucial for comprehending genome integrity maintenance.