Related Experiment Video
Updated: May 29, 2026

Hybrid Printing for the Fabrication of Smart Sensors
Published on: January 31, 2019
Automatic inspection system for printed circuit boards
Y Hara1, N Akiyama, K Karasaki
1Production Engineering Research Laboratory, Hitachi, Ltd., 292 Yoshida-cho, Totsuka-ku, Yokohama 244, Japan.
Abstract:
The purpose of this correspondence is to present problems and methods in automating visual inspection of printed circuit boards (PCB's). Vertical and diagonal illumination are useful in detecting PCB patterns correctly. An algorithm comparing local features of the patterns to be inspected with those of the pattern to be referenced is proposed. An inspection system using developed technologies is also described.
Related Concept Videos
Inductively Coupled Plasma Atomic Emission Spectroscopy: Instrumentation
There are three main types of inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectroscopy (ICP-AES) instruments: sequential, simultaneous multichannel, and Fourier transform instruments, with the latter being less commonly used.
Inductively Coupled Plasma Atomic Emission Spectroscopy: Principle
The ions and electrons produced interact with the fluctuating magnetic field created by a water-cooled...
Automated Microbial Diagnostics
Inductively Coupled Plasma–Mass Spectrometry (ICP–MS): Overview

