Noninvasive techniques for evaluation of heart function and hemodynamics in arterial hypertension. An overview

Summarizing our experience with noninvasive techniques in arterial hypertension we can establish that a fast development is going on and noninvasive techniques are useful for functional analysis. This holds for older techniques as phonocardiography with estimation of STI and apexcardiography as well as impedance cardiography and radiocardiography. This is valid especially for newer techniques as color coded 2D-Doppler-echocardiography, radionuclideventriculography, thallium scintigraphy and magnetic resonance tomography.