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Related Concept Videos

Herpes01:28

Herpes

Herpes simplex type 1 (HSV‑1) is a widespread pathogen responsible for orolabial lesions. It is an enveloped, double-stranded DNA (dsDNA) virus belonging to the family Herpesviridae. Once the virus infects a host cell, its double‑stranded DNA genome is delivered into the nucleus, where a coordinated cascade of immediate‑early, early, and late gene expression directs viral DNA replication, structural protein synthesis, and virion assembly. After primary infection of epithelial cells, HSV-1...
Genital Herpes01:23

Genital Herpes

Genital herpes is a sexually transmitted infection primarily caused by herpes simplex virus type 2 (HSV-2), though herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) is increasingly implicated in genital infections, particularly among younger populations. Transmission occurs mainly through sexual contact, with asymptomatic viral shedding serving as a major route of spread. This characteristic makes HSV-2 difficult to control at a population level, as individuals may unknowingly transmit the virus even in the...

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Updated: May 29, 2026

RNAscope for In situ Detection of Transcriptionally Active Human Papillomavirus in Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma
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RNAscope for In situ Detection of Transcriptionally Active Human Papillomavirus in Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma

Published on: March 11, 2014

Human papilloma virus (HPV) molecular diagnostics.

Christos Kroupis1, Nikolaos Vourlidis

  • 1Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Attikon University Hospital, University of Athens Medical School, Athens, Greece. ckroupis@med.uoa.gr

Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine
|August 31, 2011
PubMed
Summary

Human Papilloma Virus (HPV) causes malignancies like cervical cancer. Molecular tests aid diagnosis, but standardization and reference materials are needed for accurate HPV detection and monitoring.

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Chromogenic In Situ Hybridization as a Tool for HPV-Related Head and Neck Cancer Diagnosis
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RNAscope for In situ Detection of Transcriptionally Active Human Papillomavirus in Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma
10:26

RNAscope for In situ Detection of Transcriptionally Active Human Papillomavirus in Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma

Published on: March 11, 2014

Chromogenic In Situ Hybridization as a Tool for HPV-Related Head and Neck Cancer Diagnosis
06:57

Chromogenic In Situ Hybridization as a Tool for HPV-Related Head and Neck Cancer Diagnosis

Published on: June 14, 2019

Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Virology
  • Molecular Diagnostics

Background:

  • Human Papilloma Virus (HPV) is a global health concern, linked to numerous cancers, notably cervical cancer.
  • High-risk HPV types, particularly HPV 16/18, are implicated in cellular abnormalities detected via Pap tests.
  • While most HPV infections resolve, persistent infections can progress to cervical cancer.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the current landscape of HPV molecular testing methods.
  • To highlight challenges in HPV diagnostics, including standardization and test selection.
  • To discuss emerging biomarkers and the role of vaccination in HPV prevention.

Main Methods:

  • Review of current HPV DNA detection technologies.
  • Discussion of limitations in molecular test formats and standardization.
  • Exploration of novel HPV biomarkers (RNA, protein) and prophylactic vaccines.

Main Results:

  • HPV DNA detection is established but lacks standardized reference methods.
  • A variety of molecular test formats exist, causing confusion for selection and interpretation.
  • Novel biomarkers and HPV 16/18 vaccines show promise for future diagnostics and prevention.

Conclusions:

  • Standardization and proficiency testing are crucial for reliable HPV molecular diagnostics.
  • Emerging biomarkers and vaccines offer new strategies for managing HPV-related diseases.
  • Accreditation of laboratories is essential for consistent and accurate HPV testing.