Environmental factors associated with nosocomial legionellosis after anti-tumor necrosis factor therapy: case study

In response to 2 reported cases of nosocomial legionellosis after anti-tumor necrosis factor (TNF) treatment, the environmental controls and testing facilities in a 221-bed acute care hospital were investigated. This investigation led to the implementation of a series of specific preventive measures adapted from protocols used to protect immunosuppressed patients. These 2 cases of legionellosis might be related to 2 concurrent events: treatment of hospitalized patients with anti-TNF drugs and secondary environmental changes related to major construction work. Patients undergoing anti-TNF treatment may be at increased risk for developing opportunistic infections during construction work, renovations, or water supply perturbations and require specific preventive measures.