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Peptide-based Identification of Functional Motifs and their Binding Partners
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Recent progress in HIV-associated nephropathy.

Christina M Wyatt1, Kristin Meliambro, Paul E Klotman

  • 1Department of Medicine, Division of Nephrology, Mount Sinai School Medicine, New York, New York 10029, USA. Christina.wyatt@mssm.edu

Annual Review of Medicine
|September 6, 2011
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

HIV-associated nephropathy (HIVAN) is an aggressive kidney disease linked to HIV infection and genetic factors in people of African descent. Research explores HIVAN

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Area of Science:

  • Nephrology
  • Virology
  • Genetics

Background:

  • HIV-associated nephropathy (HIVAN) is a severe kidney disease linked to HIV infection.
  • HIVAN presents as collapsing focal segmental glomerulosclerosis with kidney tubule and interstitial damage.
  • Early observations suggested a genetic link, particularly in African-Americans and Haitian immigrants.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review recent advancements in understanding HIVAN pathogenesis.
  • To discuss current treatment strategies for HIVAN.
  • To describe the evolving epidemiology of HIV-related kidney disease.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing literature on HIVAN.
  • Analysis of genetic associations, including chromosome 22 polymorphisms.
  • Examination of evidence from HIV-transgenic mouse models.

Main Results:

  • Genetic susceptibility to HIVAN is linked to chromosome 22 polymorphisms in individuals of African descent.
  • Evidence suggests direct HIV infection of the kidney and induction of host pathways in HIVAN pathogenesis.
  • Combination antiretroviral therapy has decreased HIVAN incidence in the US.

Conclusions:

  • Understanding HIVAN pathogenesis and genetics is crucial.
  • The changing epidemiology of HIVAN, especially in Africa, requires attention.
  • Continued research is needed for effective management and prevention of HIV-related kidney disease.