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Related Concept Videos

Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease01:25

Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease

Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) is the backward flow of stomach contents (acid, pepsin, or bile) into the esophagus, causing mucosal inflammation known as esophagitis. It results from failure of antireflux mechanisms, mainly the lower esophageal sphincter (LES), influenced by mechanical and physiological factors.Etiology and Risk FactorsGERD develops when LES function is weakened or when intra-abdominal pressure increases. Risk factors include aging, obesity, and sliding hiatal hernia,...
Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease I: Meaning and Pathophysiology01:29

Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease I: Meaning and Pathophysiology

Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease (GERD) involves the recurrent backflow of the stomach or duodenal contents into the esophagus, leading to troublesome symptoms and potential esophageal mucosal damage. Although GERD is often referred to as a disease, it is more accurately described as a syndrome, as it encompasses a range of symptoms and complications rather than a singular pathological entity, impacting a large number of individuals as the most prevalent upper gastrointestinal problem. Roughly...
Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease II: Clinical Features and Management01:29

Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease II: Clinical Features and Management

Gastroesophageal reflux disease, or GERD, is a persistent medical condition that affects many individuals worldwide. Its clinical manifestations can vary greatly, making diagnosis and management challenging for healthcare professionals. The following is a comprehensive overview of the clinical manifestations, assessment, and management strategies for GERD.
Clinical Manifestations
GERD presents itself in a multitude of ways, with symptoms varying from person to person. The hallmark symptoms are...
Barrett Esophagus-II: Clinical Manifestations and Management01:21

Barrett Esophagus-II: Clinical Manifestations and Management

Individuals with Barrett's esophagus are often asymptomatic, but they may experience symptoms commonly associated with GERD, such as heartburn and acid regurgitation. Additional symptoms can include difficulty swallowing, chest pain, unintentional weight loss, blood in the stool (which may appear black, tarry, or bloody), and episodes of vomiting.
To diagnose Barrett's esophagus, healthcare providers often recommend an endoscopy for those showing symptoms of acid reflux. The procedure entails...
Barrett Esophagus-I: Introduction01:21

Barrett Esophagus-I: Introduction

Barrett's esophagus is a medical condition where the esophageal mucosa is significantly damaged by stomach acid or other digestive fluids, often due to long-term exposure associated with gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD). In GERD, a weakened or abnormally relaxed lower esophageal sphincter allows stomach acid to flow persistently into the esophagus.
This constant acid exposure transforms the esophagus's pink mucosal lining (stratified squamous epithelium) into a type of lining more similar...
Esophageal Achalasia01:27

Esophageal Achalasia

Esophageal achalasia is a chronic neurogenic disorder characterized by impaired relaxation of the lower esophageal sphincter (LES) and absent or ineffective peristalsis in the distal esophagus. This leads to a functional obstruction without a physical blockage, despite significant disruption of esophageal motility.EtiologyAchalasia is caused by degeneration of the myenteric (Auerbach's) plexus, specifically the loss of inhibitory ganglion cells that produce vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP)...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 29, 2026

Surgical Models of Gastroesophageal Reflux with Mice
05:19

Surgical Models of Gastroesophageal Reflux with Mice

Published on: August 25, 2015

Gastroesophageal reflux disease.

Alexander S Rosemurgy1, Natalie Donn, Harold Paul

  • 1Tampa General Hospital Medical Group, 409 Bayshore Boulevard, Tampa, FL 33606, USA. arosemurgy@tgh.org

The Surgical Clinics of North America
|September 6, 2011
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) affects millions, with advancements like pH testing and surgery improving management. Laparoscopic fundoplication offers definitive relief beyond medication for acid reflux sufferers.

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Construction of a Wireless-Enabled Endoscopically Implantable Sensor for pH Monitoring with Zero-Bias Schottky Diode-based Receiver

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Simultaneous Laryngopharyngeal and Conventional Esophageal pH Monitoring

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Last Updated: May 29, 2026

Surgical Models of Gastroesophageal Reflux with Mice
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Area of Science:

  • Gastroenterology
  • Surgical Innovation

Background:

  • Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) is a widespread condition impacting millions of Americans.
  • GERD management has evolved with diagnostic tools and therapeutic options.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To highlight the impact and evolving treatment landscape of GERD.
  • To discuss the effectiveness of surgical interventions for GERD.

Main Methods:

  • Review of diagnostic advancements including ambulatory pH testing.
  • Introduction of minimally invasive surgical techniques.
  • Assessment of acid suppression medications.

Main Results:

  • Diagnostic tools like pH testing have illuminated the scope of GERD.
  • Various medications offer effective acid suppression.
  • Laparoscopic fundoplication provides satisfactory outcomes and definitive relief.

Conclusions:

  • GERD is a significant public health issue with diverse patient consequences.
  • Surgical interventions, particularly laparoscopic fundoplication, represent effective treatment options beyond medical therapy for GERD.