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Tissue remodeling in the acute otitis media mouse model.
Nathan B Sautter1, Katherine L Delaney, Frances A Hausman
1Oregon Health Sciences University, Department of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, 3181 SW Sam Jackson Park Road, PV-01, Portland, OR, United States. sauttern@ohsu.edu
International Journal of Pediatric Otorhinolaryngology
|September 6, 2011
Summary
Bacterial infection in the middle ear causes inflammation, altering gene expression of tissue remodeling factors like Bone Morphogenetic Proteins (BMPs), Fibroblast Growth Factors (FGFs), and Matrix Metalloproteinases (MMPs). This may lead to hearing loss and treatment challenges.
Area of Science:
- Otolaryngology
- Molecular Biology
- Immunology
Background:
- Otitis media involves middle ear inflammation, potentially leading to fibrosis, scarring, osteogenesis, hearing loss, and difficult treatment.
- Chronic inflammation in the middle ear space is a significant clinical concern.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the molecular changes in the middle ear following bacterial infection.
- To quantify the mRNA expression of Bone Morphogenetic Protein (BMP), Fibroblast Growth Factor (FGF), and Matrix Metalloproteinase (MMP) families in response to Streptococcus pneumoniae.
Main Methods:
- Heat-killed Streptococcus pneumoniae was injected into the middle ears of Balb/c mice.
- Control mice received PBS injections.
- Middle ear tissues were harvested at 1, 3, 5, and 7 days post-injection and analyzed using RT-PCR to assess gene expression.
Main Results:
- Significant upregulation of MMP2, MMP3, and MMP9 was observed.
- Significant downregulation of BMP3, BMP4, BMP5, BMP6, BMP8a, FGF3, FGF6, FGF10, and FGFr1 was detected.
- No significant expression of certain BMP, FGF, and MMP family members was found.
Conclusions:
- Middle ear inflammation induced by bacterial products alters the expression of tissue remodeling factors.
- Understanding these molecular pathways is crucial for developing treatments to prevent middle ear tissue remodeling.
