Interpreting lineage markers in view of subpopulation effects

The interpretation of lineage markers is usually carried out as a count in a database. The count is a factual statement and does not take into account subpopulation effects that may be acting on the data. Subpopulation effects are usually taken into consideration for autosomal DNA genotype interpretation by the incorporation of a correction, θ. The question has arisen as to whether lineage markers should also have such a correction. This paper discusses if and how subpopulation effects could be considered.