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Related Concept Videos

Blood Studies for Cardiovascular System III: Serum Lipid Profile01:25

Blood Studies for Cardiovascular System III: Serum Lipid Profile

Understanding serum lipids is crucial for maintaining cardiovascular health and preventing heart disease and stroke.
Serum lipids are fats and fatty substances in the blood and are crucial for various bodily functions, including energy storage, cellular structure, and hormone production. Serum lipids consist of cholesterol, triglycerides, and phospholipids.
Cholesterol is a soft, fat-like substance found in all body cells. It is crucial for producing hormones, vitamin D, and substances that aid...
Atherosclerosis III: Management01:26

Atherosclerosis III: Management

Management of atherosclerosis involves an integrated strategy encompassing pharmacological treatment, surgical interventions, lifestyle changes, and nutrition therapy to address the multifactorial nature of the disease.Pharmacological TherapyA cornerstone of atherosclerosis management is the use of pharmacological agents. Statins, such as atorvastatin, are pivotal in inhibiting HMG-CoA reductase, an enzyme that catalyzes an initial step in cholesterol synthesis in the liver. This reduction in...
Lipid-Lowering Drugs: Statins and Miscellaneous Agents01:20

Lipid-Lowering Drugs: Statins and Miscellaneous Agents

Hyperlipidemia, a medical condition often referred to as high cholesterol, is characterized by abnormally elevated levels of lipids in the bloodstream. When present in excess, these lipids, specifically cholesterol and triglycerides, can lead to serious health complications, often involving cardiovascular diseases. Illnesses like atherosclerosis, heart attacks, and pancreatitis have all been linked to untreated hyperlipidemia. This means controlling and regulating cholesterol and triglyceride...
Overview of Lipid Metabolism01:24

Overview of Lipid Metabolism

Lipid metabolism is a crucial process in the human body that involves the synthesis and degradation of lipids. This process is essential for energy production, cell membrane formation, and hormone production, among other functions.
Lipolysis: The Breakdown of Lipids:
Lipolysis is the process of breaking down lipids, particularly triglycerides, into glycerol and fatty acids. This process typically occurs in the adipose tissue and is triggered by various hormones, including glucagon and...
Lipid Absorption01:24

Lipid Absorption

Dietary triglycerides from chyme in the duodenum are mixed with bile salts produced by the liver to emulsify fats. As a result, large droplets are broken down into smaller ones, increasing the surface area for enzymatic action. Once emulsified, pancreatic lipases hydrolyze the triglycerides into free fatty acids and monoglycerides.
These breakdown products bind with bile salts and lecithin to form micelles, which quickly pass between microvilli to come in close contact with the apical...
Cholesterol: Significance and Regulation01:29

Cholesterol: Significance and Regulation

Although not a source of energy, cholesterol plays a significant role as a foundational structure for bile salts, steroid hormones, and vitamin D, as well as being a crucial component of plasma membranes. Approximately 15% of blood cholesterol is derived from our diet, with the remainder synthesized from acetyl CoA by the liver and intestines. Cholesterol is eliminated from the body through its conversion into bile salts, which are eventually discarded in the feces.
Considering cholesterol and...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 29, 2026

Cell-free Biochemical Fluorometric Enzymatic Assay for High-throughput Measurement of Lipid Peroxidation in High Density Lipoprotein
07:29

Cell-free Biochemical Fluorometric Enzymatic Assay for High-throughput Measurement of Lipid Peroxidation in High Density Lipoprotein

Published on: October 12, 2017

Apolipoprotein B assessment for evaluating lipid goals.

Esra Tekiner1, Aytekin Oguz, Mehmet Uzunlulu

  • 1Department of Internal Medicine, Goztepe Training and Research Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey.

Acta Cardiologica
|September 8, 2011
PubMed
Summary

Most patients on statin therapy achieve apolipoprotein B (Apo B) targets when low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) and non-high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (non-HDL-C) goals are met. This suggests Apo B may be a valuable, yet unestablished, cardiovascular risk marker.

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: May 29, 2026

Cell-free Biochemical Fluorometric Enzymatic Assay for High-throughput Measurement of Lipid Peroxidation in High Density Lipoprotein
07:29

Cell-free Biochemical Fluorometric Enzymatic Assay for High-throughput Measurement of Lipid Peroxidation in High Density Lipoprotein

Published on: October 12, 2017

Area of Science:

  • Cardiology
  • Biochemistry
  • Clinical Lipidology

Background:

  • Apolipoprotein B (Apo B) is increasingly recognized as a superior marker for cardiovascular risk assessment compared to LDL cholesterol (LDL-C).
  • Current guidelines prioritize LDL-C and non-HDL cholesterol (non-HDL-C) targets, with Apo B not yet established as a primary therapeutic goal.
  • Hyperlipidemia management aims to mitigate cardiovascular disease risk through lipid-lowering therapies like statins.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the proportion of hypercholesterolemic patients on statin therapy who achieve Apo B targets after meeting LDL-C and non-HDL-C guidelines.
  • To compare the achievement rates of LDL-C, non-HDL-C, and Apo B targets in patients undergoing statin treatment.
  • To investigate the relationship between achieving guideline-directed LDL-C and non-HDL-C targets and subsequent Apo B target attainment.

Main Methods:

  • A cohort of 182 hypercholesterolemic patients (mean age 54.96 years) on statin therapy was analyzed.
  • Lipid profiles, including LDL-C, non-HDL-C, and Apo B levels, were measured.
  • Patients were categorized based on achievement of LDL-C targets per Adult Treatment Panel-III risk stratification, with subsequent assessment of non-HDL-C and Apo B target attainment.

Main Results:

  • The prevalence of achieving LDL-C, non-HDL-C, and Apo B targets was 63.2%, 79.7%, and 72.5%, respectively.
  • All patients reaching the LDL-C target also achieved the non-HDL-C target.
  • A significant majority (95%) of patients achieving both LDL-C and non-HDL-C targets also met the Apo B target, with only 5.2% failing to do so.

Conclusions:

  • Statin therapy effectively helps patients achieve lipid targets, with high concordance between LDL-C, non-HDL-C, and Apo B goals.
  • The findings suggest that Apo B target attainment is highly likely when guideline-recommended LDL-C and non-HDL-C targets are achieved.
  • Apolipoprotein B warrants consideration as a therapeutic target in hyperlipidemia management due to its strong correlation with established lipid goals.