Doppler echocardiographic quantitation of volumetric flow rate

Doppler echocardiographic determination of cardiac output has been well validated in clinical and experimental settings. Doppler measurement of volumetric flow rate remains useful in clinical practice in a wide variety of settings, especially when serial or comparative determinations are required. As improved echocardiographic equipment enhances image resolution and includes more sophisticated on-line analysis packages, the feasibility of expediently quantitating flow with Doppler echocardiography will be facilitated.