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Tumors about the knee in children
M C Gebhardt1, J E Ready, H J Mankin
1Harvard Medical School, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston 02114.
Clinical Orthopaedics and Related Research
|June 1, 1990
Summary
Pediatric knee tumors, though rare, are critical to diagnose early to prevent limb loss. This review of 199 cases highlights common benign and malignant bone and soft-tissue tumors in children.
Area of Science:
- Orthopedic Oncology
- Pediatric Radiology
- Pediatric Pathology
Background:
- Knee tumors in children are uncommon but serious causes of pain.
- Prompt diagnosis is vital to prevent severe complications, including limb loss.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review experience with pediatric bone and soft-tissue tumors around the knee.
- To identify common tumor types and diagnostic considerations.
Main Methods:
- Retrospective review of 199 pediatric knee tumors.
- Analysis of tumor types, including benign and malignant bone and soft-tissue lesions.
- Evaluation of diagnostic methods, including history, physical examination, roentgenograms, and biopsy.
Main Results:
- The majority of lesions were benign bone tumors (n=101), with osteocartilaginous exostoses, nonossifying fibromas, and chondroblastomas being most common.
- Malignant bone tumors (n=59) included osteosarcoma (n=48) as the predominant type.
- Soft-tissue tumors (n=31) were less frequent, encompassing rhabdomyosarcoma, synovial sarcoma, fibrosarcoma, and desmoid tumors.
- Benign lesions like popliteal cysts and stress fractures can mimic tumors.
Conclusions:
- Accurate diagnosis of pediatric knee tumors requires careful history, physical exam, and imaging.
- Biopsy is crucial for definitive diagnosis and staging of malignant tumors.
- Differentiating tumors from mimics like infections or cysts is essential for appropriate management.