Search research articles

ABOUT JoVE

Overview Leadership Blog JoVE Help Center

AUTHORS

Publishing Process Editorial Board Scope & Policies Peer Review FAQ Submit

LIBRARIANS

Testimonials Subscriptions Access Resources Library Advisory Board FAQ

RESEARCH

JoVE Journal Methods Collections JoVE Encyclopedia of Experiments Archive

EDUCATION

JoVE Core JoVE Business JoVE Science Education JoVE Lab Manual Faculty Resource Center Faculty Site

Terms & Conditions of Use

Related Concept Videos

Rocky Mountain Spotted Fever

Rocky Mountain Spotted Fever

Rocky Mountain Spotted Fever (RMSF) is a severe tick-borne illness caused by Rickettsia rickettsii, a Gram-negative, coccobacillary bacterium. This pathogen is an obligate intracellular parasite, requiring a host cell for replication. Transmission occurs through the bite of an infected tick. In the United States, the most important vectors are Dermacentor variabilis (American dog tick) and Dermacentor andersoni (Rocky Mountain wood tick), though other tick species may also serve as vectors.

Pulmonary Tuberculosis II

Pulmonary Tuberculosis II

Tuberculosis, or TB, is a bacterial infectious disease caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis. While its primary impact is on the lungs, leading to pulmonary tuberculosis, it can also affect various other organs, a condition referred to as extrapulmonary tuberculosis.
Here is a detailed explanation of its pathophysiology:
Transmission: The process begins when a person inhales droplet nuclei containing M. tuberculosis. These are typically released into the air when an individual with pulmonary or...

Leishmaniasis

Leishmaniasis

Leishmaniasis is a protozoal disease caused by species of the genus Leishmania and transmitted through the bite of infected female sandflies. The parasite exists in two principal morphological forms during its life cycle. A sandfly acquires intracellular amastigotes from an infected reservoir host, such as a dog. Within the sandfly, these forms differentiate into motile, flagellated promastigotes. During a subsequent blood meal, promastigotes are injected into the human host, where they...

Pulmonary Tuberculosis III

Pulmonary Tuberculosis III

Tuberculosis (TB) is a contagious infection primarily affecting the lung parenchyma but which can also affect other body parts. TB can be classified based on disease development, presentation, and the affected anatomical site.
The first classification is based on the development of the disease, and it includes the following categories:

Toxoplasmosis

Toxoplasmosis

Toxoplasmosis, a zoonotic disease caused by the protozoan Toxoplasma gondii, poses significant public health challenges globally due to its high seroprevalence and varied clinical manifestations. As an obligate intracellular parasite, T. gondii can infect all warm-blooded vertebrates, but felids are its only definitive hosts, shedding unsporulated oocysts into the environment. Humans typically acquire the infection through ingestion of tissue cysts in undercooked meat or oocysts from...

Other Pulmonary Disorders

Other Pulmonary Disorders

Respiratory disorders encompass a range of conditions with varying levels of severity. Asthma, marked by chronic airway inflammation and hypersensitivity, is one such condition. It can lead to airway obstruction due to factors like bronchial spasms, mucosal edema, increased mucus secretion, or epithelial damage. Asthma triggers are diverse, ranging from allergens to emotional upset, and treatment focuses on both immediate relief through bronchodilators and long-term inflammation suppression.

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by

Same author

Dacryoendoscopic findings and treatment of congenital lacrimal duct obstruction in Wolf-Hirschhorn syndrome: a case series.

Journal of AAPOS : the official publication of the American Association for Pediatric Ophthalmology and Strabismus·2026

Same author

A Pediatric Case of Blau Syndrome with <i>NOD2</i> p.Arg587Cys Mutation Successfully Managed with Infliximab: A Long-Term Follow-Up Study.

Ocular immunology and inflammation·2026

Same author

Publisher Correction: Multi-ancestry genome-wide association analyses of refractive error augment genetic discovery and polygenic prediction.

Nature genetics·2026

Same author

Genome-Wide Meta-Analysis for High Myopia Provides Insights into Disease Mechanisms and Reveals a Causal Link to Primary Open-Angle Glaucoma.

Ophthalmology science·2026

Same author

Establishment of Salivary Gland Tumors Arising in Salivary Gland-Specific EWSR1::ATF1 Transgenic Mice.

Head & neck·2026

Same author

Multi-ancestry genome-wide association analyses of refractive error augment genetic discovery and polygenic prediction.

Nature genetics·2026

Same journal

Laser vision correction (LASIK, PRK, SMILE) with simultaneous accelerated corneal crosslinking.

Current opinion in ophthalmology·2026

Same journal

Traumatic macular hole: observe, operate, or other options.

Current opinion in ophthalmology·2026

Same journal

The evolving role of artificial intelligence in ophthalmology: basic science, translation, and clinical integration.

Current opinion in ophthalmology·2026

Same journal

Editorial: reducing risk for refractive surgery.

Current opinion in ophthalmology·2026

Same journal

Updates on Refractive Surgery: Benefits, Risks, and Costs of Modern Treatment Options.

Current opinion in ophthalmology·2026

Same journal

Corneal Allogeneic Intrastromal Ring Segments for keratoconus - recent evidence and the move to customized and custom shaped CAIRS.

Current opinion in ophthalmology·2026

See all related articles

Search research articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 29, 2026

Imaging Features of Systemic Sclerosis-Associated Interstitial Lung Disease

Imaging Features of Systemic Sclerosis-Associated Interstitial Lung Disease

Published on: June 16, 2020

Sarcoidosis.

Tatsukata Kawagoe¹, Nobuhisa Mizuki

¹Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Yokohama City University Graduate School of Medicine, Yokohama, Japan.

Current Opinion in Ophthalmology

|September 8, 2011

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Genetic factors are emerging in sarcoidosis research, a multisystem disorder. New biological therapies targeting tumor necrosis factor-α show promise, but further study is needed for treatment guidelines.

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: May 29, 2026

Imaging Features of Systemic Sclerosis-Associated Interstitial Lung Disease

Imaging Features of Systemic Sclerosis-Associated Interstitial Lung Disease

Published on: June 16, 2020

Area of Science:

Immunology
Genetics
Ophthalmology

Background:

Sarcoidosis is a multisystem inflammatory disease with unknown etiology.
Ocular involvement is a common manifestation of sarcoidosis.
Recent research is clarifying disease pathogenesis and therapeutic options.

Purpose of the Study:

To review the current understanding of sarcoidosis pathogenesis.
To evaluate emerging therapeutic strategies for sarcoidosis.
To highlight the role of genetic factors and biological drugs.

Main Methods:

Literature review of recent genetic studies.
Analysis of clinical trial data for biological therapies.
Evaluation of current treatment guidelines and future directions.

Main Results:

Identification of inherited factors contributing to sarcoidosis susceptibility.
Emerging use of biological drugs, such as anti-tumor necrosis factor-α agents, in patient treatment.
Accumulating clinical trial data on the efficacy and safety of novel therapies.

Conclusions:

The precise etiology of sarcoidosis remains elusive.
Further genetic research across diverse populations is crucial for understanding pathogenesis.
Development of clinical guidelines for biological drug use is necessary, balancing benefits and risks.