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Related Concept Videos

RNA Editing02:23

RNA Editing

RNA editing is a post-transcriptional modification where a precursor mRNA (pre-mRNA) nucleotide sequence is changed by base insertion, deletion, or modification. The extent of RNA editing varies from a few hundred bases, in mitochondrial DNA of trypanosomes, to a just single base, in nuclear genes of mammals. Even a single base change in the pre-mRNA can convert a codon for one amino acid into the codon for another amino acid or a stop codon. This type of re-coding can significantly affect the...
Translation01:31

Translation

Lesson: Translation
Translation is the process of synthesizing proteins from the genetic information carried by messenger RNA (mRNA). Following transcription, it constitutes the final step in the expression of genes. This process is carried out by ribosomes, complexes of protein and specialized RNA molecules. Ribosomes, transfer RNA (tRNA), and other proteins produce a chain of amino acids—the polypeptide—as the end product of translation.
Translation Produces the Building Blocks of Life
Translation01:31

Translation

Lesson: Translation
Translation is the process of synthesizing proteins from the genetic information carried by messenger RNA (mRNA). Following transcription, it constitutes the final step in the expression of genes. This process is carried out by ribosomes, complexes of protein and specialized RNA molecules. Ribosomes, transfer RNA (tRNA), and other proteins produce a chain of amino acids—the polypeptide—as the end product of translation.
Translation Produces the Building Blocks of Life
RNA Stability01:53

RNA Stability

Intact DNA strands can be found in fossils, while scientists sometimes struggle to keep RNA intact under laboratory conditions. The structural variations between RNA and DNA underlie the differences in their stability and longevity. Because DNA is double-stranded, it is inherently more stable. The single-stranded structure of RNA is less stable but also more flexible and can form weak internal bonds. Additionally, most RNAs in the cell are relatively short, while DNA can be up to 250 million...
RNA Stability01:53

RNA Stability

Intact DNA strands can be found in fossils, while scientists sometimes struggle to keep RNA intact under laboratory conditions. The structural variations between RNA and DNA underlie the differences in their stability and longevity. Because DNA is double-stranded, it is inherently more stable. The single-stranded structure of RNA is less stable but also more flexible and can form weak internal bonds. Additionally, most RNAs in the cell are relatively short, while DNA can be up to 250 million...
RNA Splicing01:32

RNA Splicing

Splicing is the process by which eukaryotic RNA is edited before its translation into protein. The RNA strand transcribed from eukaryotic DNA is called the primary transcript. The primary transcripts that become mRNAs are called precursor messenger RNAs (pre-mRNAs). Eukaryotic pre-mRNA contains alternating sequences of exons and introns. Exons are nucleotide sequences that code for proteins, whereas introns are the non-coding regions. In RNA splicing, introns are removed and exons are bonded...

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Updated: May 29, 2026

Optogenetic Phase Transition of TDP-43 in Spinal Motor Neurons of Zebrafish Larvae
07:14

Optogenetic Phase Transition of TDP-43 in Spinal Motor Neurons of Zebrafish Larvae

Published on: February 25, 2022

Aging--RNA in development and disease.

Mark R Cookson1

  • 1Cell Biology and Gene Expression Unit, Laboratory of Neurogenetics, National Institute on Aging, Bethesda, MD, USA. cookson@mail.nih.gov

Wiley Interdisciplinary Reviews. RNA
|September 8, 2011
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

RNA changes significantly with aging, impacting various biological processes and age-related disorders. RNA-binding proteins are key players in these age-dependent changes, particularly in neurological diseases.

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Identification of RNA Fragments Resulting from Enzymatic Degradation using MALDI-TOF Mass Spectrometry
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Identification of RNA Fragments Resulting from Enzymatic Degradation using MALDI-TOF Mass Spectrometry

Published on: April 11, 2022

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: May 29, 2026

Optogenetic Phase Transition of TDP-43 in Spinal Motor Neurons of Zebrafish Larvae
07:14

Optogenetic Phase Transition of TDP-43 in Spinal Motor Neurons of Zebrafish Larvae

Published on: February 25, 2022

Identification of RNA Fragments Resulting from Enzymatic Degradation using MALDI-TOF Mass Spectrometry
09:20

Identification of RNA Fragments Resulting from Enzymatic Degradation using MALDI-TOF Mass Spectrometry

Published on: April 11, 2022

Area of Science:

  • Molecular Biology
  • Aging Research
  • Neuroscience

Background:

  • RNA is fundamental to nearly all biological processes.
  • RNA-binding proteins are increasingly linked to aging and age-related diseases.
  • Changes in RNA are a hallmark of the aging process.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To explore the general changes in RNA during aging.
  • To examine the role of RNA-binding proteins in age-related disorders, with a focus on neurological diseases.
  • To provide a framework for understanding how mutations contribute to late-onset diseases.

Main Methods:

  • Review of current literature on RNA and aging.
  • Discussion of specific RNA-binding proteins associated with age-dependent neurological conditions.
  • Analysis of the connection between lifetime mutations and late-onset diseases.

Main Results:

  • RNA undergoes significant alterations throughout the aging process.
  • Specific RNA-binding proteins are implicated in the pathogenesis of age-related neurological diseases.
  • The study highlights the complex interplay between genetic mutations, RNA, and aging.

Conclusions:

  • RNA modifications are integral to aging and age-related pathologies.
  • RNA-binding proteins represent critical targets for understanding and potentially treating age-dependent neurological disorders.
  • Further research is needed to fully elucidate the mechanisms linking RNA changes, mutations, and late-onset diseases.