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Blood Types

Blood Types

Human blood is classified into different types based on the presence of antigens on the red blood cell's surface and antibodies in the plasma. Proper identification of blood type is essential for successful blood transfusion. The International Society of Blood Transfusion has identified 38 human blood types based on the surface antigens on the red blood cells. The most common types are ABO, Rh, and MNS blood types.
ABO blood group
ABO antigens are glycoproteins encoded by genes present on...

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Advancements in molecular biology have revolutionized the identification and characterization of bacteria, with multiple methods leveraging DNA sequencing for enhanced precision. As sequencing technologies improve and costs decline, these approaches are increasingly used in clinical, environmental, and evolutionary studies.Multilocus Sequence Typing (MLST) examines several housekeeping genes, essential chromosomal genes encoding cellular functions, to distinguish strains. Approximately...

Blood Typing

Blood Typing

Understanding an individual's blood group is a critical component of transfusion medicine. It ensures compatibility in blood transfusions, organ transplants, and even during pregnancy. Determining these blood groups involves the ABO and Rh blood typing systems, utilizing specific antigens and corresponding anti-sera to identify an individual's blood type.
Antigens are protein molecules that reside on the surface of red blood cells (RBCs). The ABO and Rh blood typing systems target antigens A,...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 29, 2026

Associated Chromosome Trap for Identifying Long-range DNA Interactions

Associated Chromosome Trap for Identifying Long-range DNA Interactions

Published on: April 23, 2011

B13:50, a novel HLA-B13 allele, identified by sequence-based typing.

M Shen¹, M F Loh, M N Zulaimi

¹Department of Microbiology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore.

Tissue Antigens

|September 9, 2011

Summary

A new human leukocyte antigen (HLA) B allele, HLA-B*13:50, was identified in a Chinese donor. This novel allele differs from HLA-B*13:01:01 by a single nucleotide substitution.

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Personalized Peptide Arrays for Detection of HLA Alloantibodies in Organ Transplantation

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Candidate Gene Testing in Clinical Cohort Studies with Multiplexed Genotyping and Mass Spectrometry

Candidate Gene Testing in Clinical Cohort Studies with Multiplexed Genotyping and Mass Spectrometry

Published on: June 21, 2018

Area of Science:

Immunogenetics
Molecular biology

Background:

Human Leukocyte Antigen (HLA) genes are crucial for immune response.
Polymorphisms in HLA genes, particularly HLA-B, influence transplant outcomes and disease susceptibility.

Purpose of the Study:

To report the discovery and characterization of a novel HLA-B allele.

Main Methods:

High-resolution sequence-based typing was employed.
Genetic analysis focused on identifying nucleotide variations.

Main Results:

A novel HLA-B allele, designated HLA-B*13:50, was identified in a Chinese individual.
HLA-B*13:50 is distinguished from HLA-B*13:01:01 by a single nucleotide substitution (A to T) at position 482 in exon 3.

Conclusions:

The identification of HLA-B*13:50 expands the known HLA-B allele repertoire.
This finding contributes to the understanding of HLA polymorphism in diverse populations.