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Related Concept Videos

Diabetes Mellitus: Type 2 and Gestational01:22

Diabetes Mellitus: Type 2 and Gestational

Type 2 diabetes, characterized by insulin resistance, arises when the insulin receptors on cells lose responsiveness to insulin, diminishing the cell's capacity to take up glucose, resulting in elevated blood glucose levels. To receive a diagnosis of Type 2 diabetes, a series of blood glucose tests are necessary to assess whether the blood glucose falls within normal parameters. If the result is out of the normal range, a patient may be diagnosed as prediabetic or diabetic, depending on the...
Pathophysiology of Diabetes01:20

Pathophysiology of Diabetes

Diabetes mellitus is a chronic metabolic disorder characterized by hyperglycemia. The four categories of diabetes are type 1 diabetes, type 2 diabetes, other specific types of diabetes, and gestational diabetes.
Type 1 diabetes is characterized by autoimmune-mediated destruction of pancreatic β cells, with environmental factors potentially triggering this process in genetically susceptible individuals. Despite many not having a family history, certain genes increase susceptibility, suggesting a...
Diabetes Mellitus: Introduction01:26

Diabetes Mellitus: Introduction

Diabetes mellitus consists of chronic metabolic disorders characterized by persistent hyperglycemia. This elevated blood glucose results from defects in insulin secretion, impaired insulin action, or both. Insulin, produced by pancreatic β-cells, is essential for maintaining glucose homeostasis by facilitating cellular glucose uptake for energy or storage. Disruptions in insulin production or function lead to glucose accumulation in the bloodstream, causing the clinical features and long-term...
Type II Diabetes Mellitus III: Clinical Manifestations and Diagnosis01:25

Type II Diabetes Mellitus III: Clinical Manifestations and Diagnosis

Type 2 diabetes mellitus develops gradually and is often asymptomatic in early stages.Clinical ManifestationsWhen symptoms appear, they include fatigue, blurred vision, pruritus, delayed wound healing, and recurrent infections, particularly candidal infections. Peripheral neuropathy may present as numbness or tingling in the extremities. Classic hyperglycemia symptoms—polyuria, polydipsia, and polyphagia—are less common. Most patients are overweight and frequently have associated hypertension...
Diabetes Mellitus: Overview and Type I Subtype01:22

Diabetes Mellitus: Overview and Type I Subtype

Diabetes mellitus is a chronic metabolic disorder characterized by high blood glucose levels due to inadequate insulin production, insulin resistance, or both. The condition affects millions worldwide and can significantly impact their health and quality of life.
Type 1 diabetes is an autoimmune disease in which the immune system mistakenly attacks and destroys the insulin-producing beta cells in the pancreas. As a result, the body is unable to produce sufficient insulin, and individuals with...
Type I Diabetes III: Clinical Manifestations01:19

Type I Diabetes III: Clinical Manifestations

Type 1 diabetes mellitus typically presents with rapid-onset symptoms due to the body’s inability to utilize glucose in the absence of insulin. Since insulin is required for glucose uptake into cells, its deficiency leads to hyperglycemia and cellular energy deprivation, resulting in characteristic clinical features.Polyuria and PolydipsiaOne of the earliest, most prominent symptoms is polyuria (excessive urination). When blood glucose concentrations rise above the renal threshold, the kidneys...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 29, 2026

Monitoring Blood Glucose in Mouse Offspring After Intracytoplasmic Sperm Injection
06:11

Monitoring Blood Glucose in Mouse Offspring After Intracytoplasmic Sperm Injection

Published on: May 17, 2024

[Gestational diabetes].

A Lechner1, R Lohr, J Seissler

  • 1Diabetes Zentrum, Medizinische Klinik Innenstadt, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, Ziemssenstraße 1, 80336, München, Deutschland. andreas.lechner@med.uni-muenchen.de

Der Internist
|September 9, 2011
PubMed
Summary

Gestational diabetes, a common pregnancy complication, is increasingly diagnosed due to new criteria. Evidence now supports diagnosis and treatment for improved maternal and fetal outcomes.

Area of Science:

  • Obstetrics and Gynecology
  • Endocrinology
  • Public Health

Context:

  • Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is a significant pregnancy complication with rising incidence.
  • Improved screening and stricter diagnostic criteria contribute to increased GDM diagnoses.
  • Updated thresholds may lead to 5-10% of pregnancies being diagnosed with GDM.

Purpose:

  • To outline the rationale behind updated blood glucose criteria for diagnosing gestational diabetes.
  • To present the evidence supporting the diagnosis and treatment of GDM.

Summary:

  • New diagnostic thresholds for gestational diabetes are based on prospective studies linking even mild blood glucose elevations to adverse outcomes.
  • These updated criteria are expected to diagnose 5-10% of pregnant women with GDM.

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: May 29, 2026

Monitoring Blood Glucose in Mouse Offspring After Intracytoplasmic Sperm Injection
06:11

Monitoring Blood Glucose in Mouse Offspring After Intracytoplasmic Sperm Injection

Published on: May 17, 2024

  • The study provides robust evidence for the diagnosis and management of GDM.

    • Impact:

    • Facilitates earlier identification and management of gestational diabetes.
    • Aims to reduce fetal and maternal complications associated with elevated blood glucose during pregnancy.
    • Establishes a new standard of care for diagnosing and treating GDM.