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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 29, 2026

Isolation of Human Primary Valve Cells for In vitro Disease Modeling
07:31

Isolation of Human Primary Valve Cells for In vitro Disease Modeling

Published on: April 16, 2021

Role for circulating osteogenic precursor cells in aortic valvular disease.

Kevin P Egan1, Jung-Hoon Kim, Emile R Mohler

  • 1Department of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, 36th St & Hamilton Walk, Philadelphia, PA 19104-6081, USA.

Arteriosclerosis, Thrombosis, and Vascular Biology
|September 10, 2011
PubMed
Summary

Circulating osteogenic precursor (COP) cells, identified by CD45 and collagen markers, contribute to heterotopic ossification (HO) in heart valves. These bone marrow-derived cells home to injury sites, promoting valve stenosis.

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Area of Science:

  • Cardiovascular Biology
  • Bone Biology
  • Cell Biology

Background:

  • Heterotopic ossification (HO) affects approximately 13% of aortic valves in end-stage disease.
  • Circulating osteogenic precursor (COP) cells, derived from bone marrow, possess bone-forming capabilities.
  • COP cells are characterized by coexpression of osteogenic (collagen/osteocalcin) and hematopoietic (CD45) markers.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the role of circulating osteogenic precursor (COP) cells in the development of heart valve stenosis.
  • To test the hypothesis that COP cells contribute to heterotopic ossification (HO) in aortic valves.

Main Methods:

  • Flow cytometry was used to quantify CD45(+) osteocalcin(+) COP cells in mononuclear cells.
  • Immunohistochemistry identified COP cells (CD45 and type 1 collagen coexpression) in archived aortic valve specimens.

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Last Updated: May 29, 2026

Isolation of Human Primary Valve Cells for In vitro Disease Modeling
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Isolation of Human Primary Valve Cells for In vitro Disease Modeling

Published on: April 16, 2021

Isolation of Mouse Interstitial Valve Cells to Study the Calcification of the Aortic Valve In Vitro
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Published on: May 10, 2021

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  • Review of 105 cases of end-stage aortic valvular disease to confirm HO and identify COP cells.

    • Main Results:

    • COP cells constituted up to 1.1% of mononuclear cells and produced bone morphogenetic proteins.
    • HO was confirmed in 13 of 105 archived aortic valve specimens.
    • A significant association was found between the presence of COP cells and early HO lesions; COP cells were rare in unaffected valve regions.

    Conclusions:

    • This study presents the first evidence linking circulating osteogenic cells to HO formation in heart valves.
    • Osteogenic cells in the blood demonstrate the ability to home to sites of vascular injury.
    • COP cells are associated with the development of heterotopic ossification in heart valves.