Physical activity and ocular perfusion pressure: the EPIC-Norfolk eye study

Area of Science:

• Ophthalmology
• Public Health
• Cardiovascular Health

Background:

• Ocular perfusion pressure (OPP) is a critical factor in glaucoma development.
• Understanding modifiable risk factors for glaucoma is essential for prevention strategies.
• Physical activity's impact on ocular hemodynamics requires further investigation.

Purpose of the Study:

• To investigate the association between habitual physical activity levels and ocular perfusion pressure (OPP).
• To determine if physical activity influences OPP, a known risk factor for glaucoma.

Main Methods:

• A cohort of 5650 adults (aged 48-90) from the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer (EPIC)-Norfolk study was analyzed.
• Physical activity was assessed using a validated questionnaire and categorized into four levels: inactive, moderately inactive, moderately active, and active.
• Ocular perfusion pressure was calculated using intraocular pressure (IOP) and blood pressure measurements, with logistic regression used to test associations.

Main Results:

• Individuals categorized as 'active' demonstrated a significantly lower risk of low mean OPP (≤40 mm Hg) and low diastolic OPP (≤50 mm Hg).
• The protective association of physical activity against low OPP was independent of IOP.
• The relationship between physical activity and OPP was primarily mediated through diastolic blood pressure.

Conclusions:

• Lower levels of physical activity are associated with reduced ocular perfusion pressure.
• Increased physical activity may represent a safe and accessible strategy for modifying glaucoma risk.
• Further research is warranted to confirm the benefits of physical activity in glaucoma prevention.