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Salt-sensitivity in normotensive and hypertensive Nigerians
S O Elias1, E C Azinge, G A Umoren
1Department of Physiology, Lagos State University College of Medicine, Ikeja. simiat.elias@lasunigeria.org
Background:
Salt-sensitivity increases the risk for the development of high blood pressure in susceptible persons and also increases the risk for cardiovascular events and mortality.
Objective:
The study is to determine the pattern of salt-sensitivity among normotensive and hypertensive Nigerians.
Methods:
Twenty-eight (28) hypertensive subjects (HT) and twenty-five (25) age-matched normotensive controls (NT) were given 200 mmol/day salt as sodium chloride for 5 days after control parameters had been determined. Subjects were regarded as salt-sensitive when change in mean arterial blood pressure (cMABP) between baseline levels and that after salt loading was > or = 5 mmHg.
Results:
Systolic blood pressure and mean arterial blood pressure but not diastolic blood pressure rose significantly (p < 0.05 and p < 0.001 respectively) in NT subjects while all the parameters showed significant increases in hypertensive subjects (SBP p < 0.01; DBP p < 0.001; MABP p < 0.0001). More hypertensive subjects (60.7%) were salt-sensitive compared with normotensive (52.0%) subjects (p < 0.05).
Conclusion:
This study has demonstrated pressor responses to acute salt-loading in normotensive and hypertensive Nigerians and salt-sensitivity was higher in hypertensive subjects.
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