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Updated: May 29, 2026

Ammonia Fiber Expansion (AFEX) Pretreatment of Lignocellulosic Biomass
Published on: April 18, 2020
Pretreatment of rapeseed straw by soaking in aqueous ammonia
Kyeong Eop Kang1, Gwi-Taek Jeong, Changshin Sunwoo
1School of Biological Sciences and Technology, Gwangju, 500-757, Korea.
Abstract:
Pretreatment of lignocellulosic biomass has gained attention for production of biofuels. In this study, pretreatment by soaking in aqueous ammonia was adopted for pretreatment of biomass for ethanol production. A central composite design of response surface methodology was used for optimization of the pretreatment condition of rapeseed straw, with respect to catalyst concentration, pretreatment time, and pretreatment temperature. The most optimal condition for pretreatment of rapeseed straw by soaking in aqueous ammonia was 19.8% of ammonia water, 14.2 h of pretreatment time, and a pretreatment temperature of 69.0 °C. Using these optimal factor values under experimental conditions, 60.7% of theoretical glucose was obtained, and this value was well within the range predicted by the model. SEM results showed that SAA pretreatment of rapeseed straw resulted in increased surface area and pore size, as well as enhanced enzymatic digestibility.
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