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Adaptation of all-ceramic fixed partial dentures.

Márcia Borba1, Paulo F Cesar, Jason A Griggs

  • 1Post-Graduation Program in Dentistry, University of Passo Fundo, Passo Fundo, RS, Brazil.

Dental Materials : Official Publication of the Academy of Dental Materials
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Summary

This study compared the marginal and internal fit of two ceramic systems for three-unit fixed partial dentures (FPDs). While differences were found, both Vita In-Ceram YZ and Vita In-Ceram Zirconia demonstrated clinically acceptable adaptation.

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Area of Science:

  • Dental Materials Science
  • Biomaterials Engineering
  • Prosthodontics

Background:

  • Accurate marginal and internal fit of fixed partial dentures (FPDs) is crucial for long-term clinical success and preventing secondary caries.
  • Advancements in ceramic materials offer improved aesthetics and mechanical properties, but their adaptation requires rigorous evaluation.
  • Micro-computed tomography (micro-CT) provides a non-destructive, high-resolution method for quantifying FPD fit.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate and compare the marginal and internal fit of three-unit FPDs fabricated from two different ceramic systems: Vita In-Ceram YZ (YZ) and Vita In-Ceram Zirconia (IZ).
  • To test the null hypothesis that there is no significant difference in adaptation between the YZ and IZ ceramic systems.
  • To utilize the micro-CT technique for precise measurement of fit discrepancies.

Main Methods:

  • Ten three-unit FPDs were fabricated from each ceramic system (YZ and IZ) on stainless steel models using CEREC inLab.
  • FPDs were veneered with recommended porcelain and seated on their original models for micro-CT scanning.
  • Digital cross-section analysis using specialized software (NRecon, CTAn, Photoshop, Image J) assessed fit at five locations: marginal gap (MG), chamfer area (CA), axial wall (AW), axio-occlusal transition area (AOT), and occlusal area (OA), including horizontal marginal discrepancy (HMD).

Main Results:

  • Significant differences in marginal and internal fit were observed between the ceramic systems across most measurement locations (p<0.05).
  • Vita In-Ceram Zirconia (IZ) generally showed larger mean gap values than Vita In-Ceram YZ (YZ) at most sites, except for the axial wall (AW) and axio-occlusal transition area (AOT).
  • The occlusal area (OA) exhibited the largest mean gap values for both ceramic systems, while the marginal gap (MG) and axial wall (AW) showed minimal discrepancies.

Conclusions:

  • The study rejected the null hypothesis, indicating significant differences in marginal and internal fit between the evaluated ceramic systems.
  • Despite observed differences, both Vita In-Ceram YZ and Vita In-Ceram Zirconia demonstrated clinically acceptable levels of marginal and internal fit for three-unit FPDs.
  • Micro-CT is a reliable technique for assessing the fit of ceramic restorations, providing valuable data for material selection and fabrication processes.