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Bioreactor optimization of tissue engineered rabbit flexor tendons in vivo.

J Thorfinn1, I K Angelidis, L Gigliello

  • 1Section of Plastic Surgery, Department of Veterans Affairs and Division of Plastic Surgery, Stanford University Medical Center, Stanford, CA, USA. johan@thorfinn.se

The Journal of Hand Surgery, European Volume
|September 17, 2011
PubMed
Summary

Tissue-engineered tendons cultured in a bioreactor showed enhanced strength in vivo. This study confirms that mechanical stimulation in a bioreactor improves tendon healing and mechanical properties after implantation.

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Area of Science:

  • Biomaterials Science
  • Orthopedic Surgery
  • Regenerative Medicine

Background:

  • Tissue-engineered tendons offer potential for repairing tendon injuries.
  • Previous studies indicated improved in vitro strength after bioreactor culture.
  • The in vivo efficacy of this approach remained uninvestigated.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the in vivo mechanical properties of tissue-engineered rabbit flexor tendons cultured under cyclic strain in a bioreactor.
  • To determine if the in vitro strength gains translate to improved functional outcomes after surgical implantation.

Main Methods:

  • Tenocytes were seeded onto decellularized rabbit flexor tendons.
  • Constructs were cultured in a bioreactor with cyclic strain or kept unloaded (control).
  • Tendons were implanted into a zone II defect in rabbits and explanted after 4 weeks for mechanical testing (UTS, EM) and histology.

Main Results:

  • Bioreactor-treated tendon constructs exhibited significantly higher ultimate tensile strength (UTS) and elastic modulus (EM) compared to controls.
  • Histological analysis revealed increased cellularity in tendons exposed to cyclic strain.
  • Improved mechanical properties suggest enhanced tendon healing and integration.

Conclusions:

  • In vivo cyclic strain culture in a bioreactor significantly enhances the mechanical properties of tissue-engineered flexor tendons.
  • This approach holds promise for improving outcomes in tendon repair and regeneration.
  • Bioreactor-based tissue engineering can effectively translate in vitro improvements to in vivo functional benefits.