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Related Concept Videos

Circadian Rhythms and Gene Regulation02:19

Circadian Rhythms and Gene Regulation

The biological clock is involved in many aspects of regulating complex physiology in all animals. It was in 1935 when German zoologists, Hans Kalmus and Erwin Bünning, discovered the existence of circadian rhythm in Drosophila melanogaster. However, the internal molecular mechanisms behind the circadian clock remained a mystery until 1984, when Jeffrey C. Hall, Michael Rosbash, and Michael W. Young discovered the expression of the Per gene oscillating over a 24-hour cycle. In subsequent years,...
Circadian Rhythms and Gene Regulation02:19

Circadian Rhythms and Gene Regulation

The biological clock is involved in many aspects of regulating complex physiology in all animals. It was in 1935 when German zoologists, Hans Kalmus and Erwin Bünning, discovered the existence of circadian rhythm in Drosophila melanogaster. However, the internal molecular mechanisms behind the circadian clock remained a mystery until 1984, when Jeffrey C. Hall, Michael Rosbash, and Michael W. Young discovered the expression of the Per gene oscillating over a 24-hour cycle. In subsequent years,...
Chronopharmacokinetics: Circadian Rhythms and Influence on Drug Response01:15

Chronopharmacokinetics: Circadian Rhythms and Influence on Drug Response

Circadian rhythms are cyclic changes that are crucial in plasma drug concentrations. Various standard circadian parameters, including core body temperature, heart rate, and other cardiovascular factors, directly impact disease states and the therapeutic response to drug therapy.
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Pathophysiology of Cardiac Performance01:29

Pathophysiology of Cardiac Performance

Typical heart performance is influenced by heart rate, rhythm, myocardial contraction, and metabolism or blood flow. The cardiac muscle exhibits distinct electrophysiological features, including pacemaker activity and calcium channel control, which play a vital role in the heart's response to various drugs. The autonomic nervous system, comprising the sympathetic and parasympathetic branches, regulates heart rate. Sympathetic activation increases heart rate, while parasympathetic activation...
Factors Influencing Heart Rate01:30

Factors Influencing Heart Rate

The heart rate, or pulse rate, is a vital indicator of cardiovascular health. It reflects the number of times the heart beats per minute. Various physiological and environmental factors influence heart rate, increasing or decreasing cardiac output. Understanding these factors is crucial for assessing heart function and identifying potential health issues.
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Regulation of Heart Rates

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 29, 2026

Parallel Measurement of Circadian Clock Gene Expression and Hormone Secretion in Human Primary Cell Cultures
06:53

Parallel Measurement of Circadian Clock Gene Expression and Hormone Secretion in Human Primary Cell Cultures

Published on: November 11, 2016

The circadian clock influences heart performance.

Xi Wu1, Zhiwei Liu, Guangsen Shi

  • 1MOE Key Laboratory of Model Animal for Disease Study, Model Animal Research Center, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China.

Journal of Biological Rhythms
|September 17, 2011
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

The circadian clock is vital for heart function, regulating daily variations in cardiac performance. Disrupting this clock, particularly via PGC1α, impairs heart function and its ability to adapt to exercise.

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Collecting Sleep, Circadian, Fatigue, and Performance Data in Complex Operational Environments
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Collecting Sleep, Circadian, Fatigue, and Performance Data in Complex Operational Environments

Published on: August 8, 2019

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Last Updated: May 29, 2026

Parallel Measurement of Circadian Clock Gene Expression and Hormone Secretion in Human Primary Cell Cultures
06:53

Parallel Measurement of Circadian Clock Gene Expression and Hormone Secretion in Human Primary Cell Cultures

Published on: November 11, 2016

Collecting Sleep, Circadian, Fatigue, and Performance Data in Complex Operational Environments
08:36

Collecting Sleep, Circadian, Fatigue, and Performance Data in Complex Operational Environments

Published on: August 8, 2019

Area of Science:

  • Cardiovascular Physiology
  • Chronobiology
  • Molecular Biology

Background:

  • Circadian rhythms anticipate daily environmental changes, optimizing physiological responses.
  • Disrupted circadian rhythms impact various bodily functions, but their role in heart performance is unclear.
  • The circadian clock's influence on cardiac function, especially in anticipation of workload, requires investigation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the role of the circadian clock in regulating heart performance.
  • To determine if cardiac function exhibits diurnal variations and responds to exercise in a time-dependent manner.
  • To explore the impact of circadian clock disruption and PGC1α overexpression on cardiac function and associated metabolic pathways.

Main Methods:

  • Noninvasive, real-time echocardiography was used to monitor heart function and structure in mice.
  • Diurnal variations in ejection fraction (EF) and shortening fraction (FS) were assessed in wild-type and mutant mice.
  • The effects of forced exercise and imposed light regimens on cardiac function were evaluated.
  • Gene expression changes, including clock genes, PGC1α, PPARα, GLUT4, and ACSL1, were analyzed.

Main Results:

  • Wild-type mice exhibited diurnal variations in EF and FS, which increased with forced exercise.
  • Circadian clock gene disruption and imposed light regimens altered diurnal EF and FS variations.
  • Overexpression of PGC1α inhibited clock gene expression and decreased PPARα, GLUT4, and ACSL1 expression.
  • PGC1α overexpression abolished the diurnal variation of EF, suggesting a link to metabolic gene regulation.

Conclusions:

  • The circadian clock plays a crucial role in anticipating daily workload and regulating cardiac function.
  • Disruptions in circadian rhythms, particularly through PGC1α, impair cardiac function and diurnal adaptations.
  • PGC1α may mediate circadian-controlled cardiac dysfunction by influencing the rhythmic expression of metabolic genes.