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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 29, 2026

Dynamic Visual Tests to Identify and Quantify Visual Damage and Repair Following Demyelination in Optic Neuritis Patients

Dynamic Visual Tests to Identify and Quantify Visual Damage and Repair Following Demyelination in Optic Neuritis Patients

Published on: April 14, 2014

Depression and visual functioning in patients with ocular inflammatory disease.

Ying Qian¹, Tanya Glaser, Elizabeth Esterberg

¹Francis I. Proctor Foundation, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94143-0412, USA.

American Journal of Ophthalmology

|September 20, 2011

Summary

Depression affects nearly 27% of patients with ocular inflammatory disease, often undiagnosed. Lower visual function and inadequate support are key predictors, highlighting the need for increased awareness and screening.

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Area of Science:

Ophthalmology
Psychiatry
Clinical Medicine

Background:

Ocular inflammatory diseases (OIDs) can significantly impact patient well-being.
Mental health comorbidities, such as depression, may be prevalent but underrecognized in this population.

Purpose of the Study:

To determine the prevalence of depression in patients with OIDs.
To identify clinical and psychosocial predictors of depression in this cohort.

Main Methods:

A prospective cross-sectional survey and medical record review were conducted.
104 patients with noninfectious OIDs completed the Beck Depression Inventory-II (BDI-II) and the National Eye Institute Visual Function Questionnaire-25 (NEI VFQ-25).
Multivariate regression analysis identified significant predictors of depression.

Main Results:

26.9% of participants screened positive for depression using the BDI-II, with only 39.3% having a prior diagnosis.
Depressed patients reported significantly lower visual functioning across most NEI VFQ-25 subscales.
Inadequate emotional support, poorer visual function, recent changes in immunomodulatory treatment, and current oral corticosteroid use were significant predictors of depression.

Conclusions:

Depression is a common and often overlooked comorbidity in patients with OIDs.
Worsening visual function is strongly associated with depression in this group.
Healthcare providers should increase awareness and screening for depression in patients with OIDs.