Related Experiment Video
Updated: May 29, 2026

12:59
Isolation and Th17 Differentiation of Naïve CD4 T Lymphocytes
Published on: September 26, 2013
CD5 costimulation induces stable Th17 development by promoting IL-23R expression and sustained STAT3 activation
Jelle de Wit1, Yuri Souwer, Astrid J van Beelen
1Department of Immunopathology, Sanquin Research and Landsteiner Laboratory, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
Blood
|September 20, 2011
Summary
Alternative costimulation via CD5 or CD6 receptors, not CD28, enhances human Th17 cell development. CD5 signaling promotes IL-23 receptor expression, crucial for stable Th17 differentiation and IL-17 production.
Area of Science:
- Immunology
- Cellular Biology
- T cell differentiation
Background:
- CD4(+) T helper 17 (Th17) cells are vital for combating extracellular pathogens and implicated in autoimmune diseases.
- The precise mechanisms driving human Th17 cell development are not fully understood.
- Classic costimulation via CD28 is a known factor in T cell activation.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate alternative costimulatory pathways for human Th17 cell priming.
- To compare the efficacy of CD5/CD6 costimulation versus CD28 costimulation in Th17 development.
- To elucidate the molecular mechanisms underlying CD5-mediated Th17 cell differentiation.
Main Methods:
- Human naive T cells were stimulated with Th17-promoting cytokines (IL-1β, IL-6, IL-23, TGF-β) and either CD28 or CD5/CD6 costimulation.
- Quantification of IL-17-producing Th17 cells.
- Analysis of STAT3 and ROR-γt activation, and IL-23 receptor (IL-23R) expression.
Main Results:
- CD5 costimulation induced significantly more Th17 cells producing higher levels of IL-17 compared to CD28 costimulation.
- CD5 costimulation led to prolonged STAT3 activation and enhanced ROR-γt expression.
- CD5-mediated Th17 promotion critically depended on elevated IL-23R expression.
Conclusions:
- Alternative costimulation via CD5 provides a superior pathway for human Th17 cell priming.
- CD5 enhances Th17 development by upregulating IL-23R expression, a key step in differentiation.
- This suggests a novel model where CD5, not CD28, primes naive T cells for stable Th17 development.
Related Concept Videos
T Cell Types and Functions
When T cells with CD4 markers are activated, they give rise to two types of effector cells: helper T cells and regulatory T cells. Meanwhile, T cells with CD8 markers differentiate into effector cytotoxic T cells. The differentiation of CD4 T cells into helper T cell subsets, such as Th1, Th2, and Th17 cells, is dependent on the antigen type, antigen-presenting cell, and regulatory cytokines.
Th1 cells stimulate dendritic cells to express necessary co-stimulatory molecules on their surfaces for...
Th1 cells stimulate dendritic cells to express necessary co-stimulatory molecules on their surfaces for...
T Cell Activation and Clonal Selection
T cells are integral to our adaptive immune system, recognizing and effectively responding to foreign antigens. T cell activation and clonal selection are pivotal in orchestrating this immune response. This article elucidates these mechanisms, detailing the roles of cluster of differentiation (CD) markers, major histocompatibility complex (MHC) molecules, costimulatory signals, and the process of clonal selection.
Naive T cells that have not yet encountered an antigen express two primary CD...
Naive T cells that have not yet encountered an antigen express two primary CD...
The JAK-STAT Signaling Pathway
Several cytokine receptors have tightly bound Janus kinase or JAK proteins attached at their cytosolic tail. Small signaling molecules such as cytokines, growth hormones, or prolactins bind to the cytokine receptors and initiate their dimerization. The dimerization brings the cytosolic JAKs together that trans-phosphorylate and activates each other. The activated JAKs now phosphorylate cytosolic tails of the cytokine receptors, which serve as binding sites for adaptor proteins such as SH2...
B Cell Activation and Differentiation
The adaptive immune response, a sophisticated defense mechanism, relies on the activation and differentiation of B lymphocytes, or B cells. These processes enable our bodies to mount a tailored response against specific pathogens such as bacteria, free virus particles, toxins, and parasites.
When naive B cells encounter a specific antigen that can bind to the B cell receptor (BCR) on their surface, they undergo sensitization to respond to the antigen's presence. Sensitization begins with...
When naive B cells encounter a specific antigen that can bind to the B cell receptor (BCR) on their surface, they undergo sensitization to respond to the antigen's presence. Sensitization begins with...

