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Cell Adhesion Molecules - Types and Functions

Cell Adhesion Molecules - Types and Functions

Cell adhesion molecules (CAMs) are pivotal to multicellularity and the coordinated functioning of tissues and organ systems. They enable physical interactions between cells and provide mechanical strength to tissues. They also function as receptors for signal transmission across the plasma membrane. The CAMs are broadly classified into four families - integrins, cadherins, selectins, and immunoglobulin-like CAMs (IgCAMs).
CAM Families
The Integrin family of proteins is primarily involved in a...

Cell Adhesion Molecules - Types and Functions

Cell Adhesion Molecules - Types and Functions

Cell adhesion molecules (CAMs) are pivotal to multicellularity and the coordinated functioning of tissues and organ systems. They enable physical interactions between cells and provide mechanical strength to tissues. They also function as receptors for signal transmission across the plasma membrane. The CAMs are broadly classified into four families - integrins, cadherins, selectins, and immunoglobulin-like CAMs (IgCAMs).
CAM Families
The Integrin family of proteins is primarily involved in a...

Selectins

Selectins

Cell adhesion is an essential aspect of multicellularity. While stable cell interactions usually occur between cells of the same type, transient cell interactions occur between cells of different tissue types, such as between neutrophils and endothelial cells. Selectins are one class of cell adhesion molecules (CAMs) that bind carbohydrate ligands to form transient cell adhesion. They are rod-like proteins with a long extracellular part of variable length ending with the lectin domain, which...

Adherens Junctions

Adherens Junctions

Strong contact points between adjacent cells anchor them to each other, forming tissues. Such anchoring junctions are of two types – adherens junctions and desmosomes. Adherens junctions are abundant in tissues such as epithelium and endothelium, forming a continuous zone of adhesion called the adhesion belt. In other tissues, such as heart muscle, they appear as clusters, linking the cells to produce coordinated heart muscle contraction.
Adherens Junctions are Dynamic
The endothelial cells...

Immunoglobulin-like Cell Adhesion Molecules

Immunoglobulin-like Cell Adhesion Molecules

Immunoglobulin-like cell adhesion molecules or Ig-CAMs are a versatile group of cell surface glycoproteins belonging to the immunoglobulin protein superfamily. Ig-CAMs possess the characteristic immunoglobulin protein domains and other domains such as the fibronectin type III domain. The Ig domains are glycosylated to varying degrees in different Ig-CAMs.
Ig-CAMs exhibit either homophilic binding (to other Ig-CAMs) or heterophilic binding (to other ligands such as integrins). While most Ig-CAMs...

Cell Adhesion in Plants

Cell Adhesion in Plants

Plants have rigid cell walls that are made up of cell wall polysaccharides that mediate cell-cell adhesion. The primary cell walls of plants consist of two independent and interacting polysaccharide networks: a pectin matrix that embeds the second network comprising cellulose and hemicelluloses.
Pectins are complex heteropolymers mainly composed of negatively-charged α-D-glucopyranosyl uronic acid and some neutral glycosyl residues such as α-L-rhamnopyranose, α-L-arabinofuranose, and...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 29, 2026

Analyzing Cell Surface Adhesion Remodeling in Response to Mechanical Tension Using Magnetic Beads

Analyzing Cell Surface Adhesion Remodeling in Response to Mechanical Tension Using Magnetic Beads

Published on: March 8, 2017

Metabolically stable cellular adhesion to inert surfaces.

Morten Meldal¹, Boqian Wu, Frederik Diness

¹Nano Science Center, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark. meldal@nano.ku.dk

Chembiochem : a European Journal of Chemical Biology

|September 20, 2011

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Researchers identified D-amino acid hexapeptides that enhance cell adhesion. These stable molecules promote cell spreading and monolayer maintenance on beads, crucial for cell culture applications.

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Analyzing Cell Surface Adhesion Remodeling in Response to Mechanical Tension Using Magnetic Beads

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Adhesion Frequency Assay for In Situ Kinetics Analysis of Cross-Junctional Molecular Interactions at the Cell-Cell Interface

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Quantitation of Endothelial Cell Adhesiveness In Vitro

Quantitation of Endothelial Cell Adhesiveness In Vitro

Published on: June 18, 2015

Area of Science:

Biochemistry
Materials Science
Cell Biology

Background:

Cell adhesion is critical for maintaining cell cultures and tissue engineering.
Developing stable biomolecules that promote cell adhesion is an ongoing challenge.
Polyethylene glycol-grafted acrylamide (PEGA) resin offers a versatile platform for peptide synthesis.

Purpose of the Study:

To determine the structure of D-amino acid hexapeptides that promote cellular adhesion.
To identify novel adhesion molecules for stable cell culture environments.
To understand the structural motifs responsible for enhanced cell adhesion.

Main Methods:

Screening of D-amino acid hexapeptide libraries synthesized on PEGA resin.
Evaluation of peptide-induced cellular adhesion and spreading.
Analysis of amino acid composition and sequence motifs.

Main Results:

Identified D-amino acid hexapeptides that significantly promote cellular adhesion.
Demonstrated that these peptides maintain a stable cellular environment and cell monolayer on beads.
Observed that peptides with a motif of three to four basic amino acids (arginines/lysines) spaced by intermediate polarity amino acids are optimal for adhesion.
The identified motif maintains a crucial polar/hydrophobic balance for cell interaction.

Conclusions:

D-amino acid hexapeptides can be designed to effectively promote cellular adhesion.
The specific sequence and arrangement of amino acids, particularly basic residues, are critical for adhesion.
These findings offer a new class of stable adhesion molecules for advanced cell culture and biomaterial applications.