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Related Concept Videos

Disorders of Hemostasis01:24

Disorders of Hemostasis

Hemostasis, the process that stops bleeding after a blood vessel injury, is crucial for maintaining the integrity of the circulatory system. However, disorders of hemostasis can disrupt this delicate balance, leading to either excessive clotting or bleeding. These disorders can be broadly classified into thromboembolic disorders and bleeding disorders.
Thromboembolic Disorders
Two factors primarily cause thromboembolic conditions.
Disorders of the Nervous Tissue01:28

Disorders of the Nervous Tissue

Nervous tissue is a vital component of the human body's communication system, enabling us to perceive and respond to stimuli. However, like all other tissues, it is vulnerable to disorders and diseases that can significantly impact our neurological functioning.
Homeostatic Imbalances:
Alzheimer's disease manifests as a gradual decline in memory and cognitive abilities, attributed to the buildup of amyloid plaques and neurofibrillary tangles in the brain.
Parkinson's disease arises from the...
Disorders of Erythrocytes01:27

Disorders of Erythrocytes

Disorders of erythrocytes, or red blood cells (RBCs), include a range of conditions affecting their number, shape, or function.
Erythrocyte disorders can be broadly categorized into two main types: anemic and polycythemic conditions.
A low oxygen-carrying capacity of the blood due to the loss, lower production, or destruction of erythrocytes is termed anemia. Hemorrhagic anemia, for example, occurs when bleeding from an external wound or internal ulcer reduces erythrocyte counts.
On the other...
Hemorrhagic Stroke ll: Pathophysiology01:29

Hemorrhagic Stroke ll: Pathophysiology

A hemorrhagic stroke develops when a cerebral blood vessel ruptures, allowing blood to escape into the surrounding brain tissue, as in intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH), or into the subarachnoid space, as in subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH). Because the skull is a rigid compartment, the sudden presence of extravascular blood rapidly increases intracranial pressure and compresses adjacent neural structures, leading to immediate tissue injury and impaired cerebral perfusion.Mass Effect and Primary...
Disorders of Leukocytes01:27

Disorders of Leukocytes

Leukocyte disorders can lead to either leukopenia, characterized by an abnormally low leukocyte count, or leukocytosis, marked by a very high leukocyte number.
Leukopenia may result from bone marrow disorders, autoimmune diseases, and infectious diseases. For example, conditions such as multiple myeloma and aplastic anemia can impair the bone marrow's ability to produce adequate leukocytes. Similarly, autoimmune diseases like lupus and viral infections such as HIV can prompt the immune system...
Anticoagulant Drugs: Low-Molecular-Weight Heparins01:30

Anticoagulant Drugs: Low-Molecular-Weight Heparins

Hemostasis is a crucial process that prevents excessive blood loss from damaged blood vessels. It involves various mechanisms such as vasoconstriction, platelet adhesion and activation, and fibrin formation. The importance of each mechanism depends on the type of vessel injury. In contrast, thrombosis is the abnormal formation of a blood clot within the blood vessels, leading to potential complications if the clot obstructs blood flow. Thrombosis can be caused by increased coagulability of the...

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A Comprehensive Approach to Analyze the Cell Components of Cerebral Blood Clots
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Neurological disorders in essential thrombocythemia.

Segolene Billot1, Eirini G Kouroupi, Johan Le Guilloux

  • 1Hopital Avicenne, 93000 Bobigny, France.

Haematologica
|September 22, 2011
PubMed
Summary

Neurological symptoms affect 30% of essential thrombocythemia patients. While aspirin helps some, the JAK2V617F mutation may increase symptom risk, often requiring cytoreductive therapy.

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Area of Science:

  • Hematology
  • Neurology

Background:

  • Essential thrombocythemia is a myeloproliferative neoplasm.
  • Neurological symptoms are common but often subjective in ET patients.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To assess the incidence of neurological symptoms in essential thrombocythemia patients.
  • To evaluate the response of these symptoms to aspirin therapy.
  • To explore the association between JAK2V617F mutation and neurological symptoms.

Main Methods:

  • Prospective cohort study of 37 consecutive essential thrombocythemia patients.
  • Neurological symptom assessment, including thrombotic events and subjective complaints.
  • Brain MRI was performed for patients with subjective symptoms.
  • JAK2V617F mutation status was analyzed.
  • Patients received low-dose aspirin; some later required cytoreductive therapy.

Main Results:

  • 11 out of 37 (30%) patients presented with neurological symptoms.
  • Neurological symptoms included thrombotic events and transient/fluctuating subjective complaints.
  • Brain MRI was unremarkable in patients with subjective symptoms.
  • JAK2V617F mutation was more frequent in patients with neurological symptoms (9/11) compared to those without (14/26).
  • Aspirin achieved complete resolution in 3/10 patients, improvement in 2/10, and resistance in 2/10, necessitating cytoreductive therapy.

Conclusions:

  • Neurological symptoms are prevalent in essential thrombocythemia, affecting approximately 30% of patients.
  • Low-dose aspirin is not fully effective in all cases, with a significant portion requiring cytoreductive therapy.
  • The JAK2V617F mutation may be a risk factor for developing neurological symptoms in essential thrombocythemia.