Search research articles

ABOUT JoVE

Overview Leadership Blog JoVE Help Center

AUTHORS

Publishing Process Editorial Board Scope & Policies Peer Review FAQ Submit

LIBRARIANS

Testimonials Subscriptions Access Resources Library Advisory Board FAQ

RESEARCH

JoVE Journal Methods Collections JoVE Encyclopedia of Experiments Archive

EDUCATION

JoVE Core JoVE Business JoVE Science Education JoVE Lab Manual Faculty Resource Center Faculty Site

Terms & Conditions of Use

Related Concept Videos

[4+2] Cycloaddition of Conjugated Dienes: Diels–Alder Reaction

[4+2] Cycloaddition of Conjugated Dienes: Diels–Alder Reaction

The Diels–Alder reaction is an example of a thermal pericyclic reaction between a conjugated diene and an alkene or alkyne, commonly referred to as a dienophile. The reaction involves a concerted movement of six π electrons, four from the diene and two from the dienophile, forming an unsaturated six-membered ring. As a result, these reactions are classified as [4+2] cycloadditions.

Diels–Alder Reaction: Characteristics of Dienes

Diels–Alder Reaction: Characteristics of Dienes

The Diels–Alder reaction brings together a diene and a dienophile to form a six-membered ring. Both components have unique characteristics that influence the rate of the reaction.
Characteristics of the diene
Conformation
The simplest example of a diene is 1,3-butadiene, an acyclic conjugated π system. At room temperature, the molecule exists as a mixture of s-cis and s-trans conformers by virtue of rotation around the carbon–carbon single bond. Although the s-trans isomer is more stable, the...

Structure of Conjugated Dienes

Structure of Conjugated Dienes

Introduction
Conjugated dienes are compounds characterized by the presence of alternating double and single bonds. In a conjugated system like 1,3-butadiene, the unhybridized 2p orbital on each carbon overlaps continuously, allowing the π electrons to be delocalized across the entire molecule. In contrast, this type of overlap does not occur in cumulated and isolated dienes, such as 2,3-pentadiene and 1,4-pentadiene, respectively. Instead, the π electrons remain localized between the double...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by

Same author

Phase I clinical study of edaravone in healthy Chinese volunteers: safety and pharmacokinetics of single or multiple intravenous infusions.

Drugs in R&D·2012

Same author

Comparison of frequency-resolved optical polarization gating induced by molecular alignment and Kerr effects.

Optics letters·2012

Same author

Direct transformation of simple enals to 3,4-disubstituted benzaldehydes under mild reaction conditions via an organocatalytic regio- and chemoselective dimerization cascade.

Chemistry (Weinheim an der Bergstrasse, Germany)·2012

Same author

[Digital anatomy of the perforator flap in the thigh].

Zhonghua zheng xing wai ke za zhi = Zhonghua zhengxing waike zazhi = Chinese journal of plastic surgery·2012

Same author

[Value of methylation-specific mutiplex ligation-dependent probe in the diagnosis of Prader-Willi syndrome].

Zhongguo dang dai er ke za zhi = Chinese journal of contemporary pediatrics·2012

Same author

Elevated local TGF-β1 level predisposes a closed bone fracture to tuberculosis infection.

Medical hypotheses·2012

Same journal

Aptamer-powered surveillance of SARS-CoV-3.

Chemical communications (Cambridge, England)·2026

Same journal

Does aurophilicity exist beyond the solid state?

Chemical communications (Cambridge, England)·2026

Same journal

Pressure-induced emission enhancement in 2-(anthracen-9-yl)-9<i>H</i>-thioxanthen-9-one crystals with π-π stacked thioxanthone dimers.

Chemical communications (Cambridge, England)·2026

Same journal

A Co-peptoid electrocatalyst for nitrite reduction that enables selective production of ammonia.

Chemical communications (Cambridge, England)·2026

Same journal

An AIE-based fluorescent probe for selective and sensitive detection of <i>N</i>-bromosuccinimide.

Chemical communications (Cambridge, England)·2026

Same journal

Harnessing the heteroatomic S/P coordination effects of FeCo dual-atomic catalysts for enhanced ORR performance.

Chemical communications (Cambridge, England)·2026

See all related articles

Search research articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 29, 2026

Multiscale Structures Aggregated by Imprinted Nanofibers for Functional Surfaces

Multiscale Structures Aggregated by Imprinted Nanofibers for Functional Surfaces

Published on: September 11, 2018

Dynamic clicked surfaces based on functionalised pillar[5]arene.

Huacheng Zhang¹, Nathan L Strutt, Ragnar S Stoll

¹Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, IL 60208-3113, USA.

Chemical Communications (Cambridge, England)

|September 28, 2011

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Researchers developed a dynamic smart surface using self-assembled azobenzene-functionalised pillar[5]arene. This material shows reversible shape changes when exposed to UV and visible light.

More Related Videos

Synthesis and Characterization of Functionalized Metal-organic Frameworks

Synthesis and Characterization of Functionalized Metal-organic Frameworks

Published on: September 5, 2014

Rendering SiO2/Si Surfaces Omniphobic by Carving Gas-Entrapping Microtextures Comprising Reentrant and Doubly Reentrant Cavities or Pillars

Rendering SiO₂/Si Surfaces Omniphobic by Carving Gas-Entrapping Microtextures Comprising Reentrant and Doubly Reentrant Cavities or Pillars

Published on: February 11, 2020

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: May 29, 2026

Multiscale Structures Aggregated by Imprinted Nanofibers for Functional Surfaces

Multiscale Structures Aggregated by Imprinted Nanofibers for Functional Surfaces

Published on: September 11, 2018

Synthesis and Characterization of Functionalized Metal-organic Frameworks

Synthesis and Characterization of Functionalized Metal-organic Frameworks

Published on: September 5, 2014

Rendering SiO2/Si Surfaces Omniphobic by Carving Gas-Entrapping Microtextures Comprising Reentrant and Doubly Reentrant Cavities or Pillars

Rendering SiO₂/Si Surfaces Omniphobic by Carving Gas-Entrapping Microtextures Comprising Reentrant and Doubly Reentrant Cavities or Pillars

Published on: February 11, 2020

Area of Science:

Supramolecular Chemistry
Materials Science
Nanotechnology

Background:

Smart surfaces offer tunable properties for advanced applications.
Azobenzene derivatives are known photo-responsive molecules.
Pillararenes are macrocyclic hosts with tunable cavities.

Purpose of the Study:

To construct a dynamic smart surface.
To investigate light-induced morphological changes.
To utilize self-assembly for material fabrication.

Main Methods:

Self-assembly of azobenzene-functionalised pillar[5]arene.
Morphological characterization using Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM), Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), and Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM).
Exposure to UV and visible light to induce stimuli-responsive behavior.

Main Results:

The self-assembled material formed a dynamic smart surface.
Reversible morphological changes were observed upon light irradiation.
The pillar[5]arene structure facilitated the photo-responsive behavior.

Conclusions:

A novel photo-responsive smart surface was successfully fabricated.
The material demonstrates reversible control over its morphology.
This work highlights the potential of functionalised pillararenes in dynamic material design.