Related Experiment Video
Updated: May 29, 2026
Transurethral Instillation Procedure in Adult Male Mouse
Published on: November 2, 2017
Transurethral bladder catheterization of male rhesus macaques: a refinement of approach
L Alexandra Wickham1, Alison A Kulick, Loise Gichuru
1In Vivo Pharmacology, Merck Research Laboratories, Rahway, NJ 07065, USA. alexandra.wickham@merck.com
Background:
Successful transurethral bladder catheterization in male non-human primates can be challenging. An optimized approach for consistent and reproducible catheterization using a refined technique is described.
Methods:
Under sedated and non-sedated conditions, transurethral bladder catheterization was performed on 25 male rhesus macaques of varying ages and body weights over time. A refined technique ensuring optimal lubrication of the urethral canal prior to catheter insertion was utilized along with various single and multiple lumen catheters.
Results:
All animals were successfully catheterized. Sixty-five catheterization sessions were conducted with a high overall success rate (100%). The incidence of catheter (10%) and post-catheterization (2%) complications was low.
Conclusions:
The urinary bladder of male rhesus can be reliably and reproducibly catheterized with minimal complication using this approach. Successful catheterization was facilitated by thorough urethral lubrication and using suitable catheters. In addition, this approach may be performed without sedation on thoroughly conditioned animals.
