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Related Concept Videos

Hiatal Hernia01:25

Hiatal Hernia

A hiatal hernia is the abnormal protrusion of the stomach or other abdominal organs through the esophageal hiatus of the diaphragm into the thoracic cavity.Normally, the gastroesophageal junction (GEJ) lies below the diaphragm and is supported by the phrenoesophageal membrane, the diaphragmatic crura, and connective tissues. Weakening of these structures—due to aging, congenital defects like a short esophagus, or increased intra-abdominal pressure from coughing, obesity, pregnancy, or heavy...
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Consider a symmetrical roof truss structure, composed of vertical, diagonal, and horizontal members. The length of each horizontal member is 4 m. The lengths of the vertical members FB and HD are 4 m, while the length of member GC is 6 m. The loads acting at joints F, G, and H are 2 kN, while those at joints A and E are 1 kN.

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 29, 2026

Quantification of Levator Ani Hiatus Enlargement by Magnetic Resonance Imaging in Males and Females with Pelvic Organ Prolapse
07:41

Quantification of Levator Ani Hiatus Enlargement by Magnetic Resonance Imaging in Males and Females with Pelvic Organ Prolapse

Published on: April 17, 2019

A simplified method for determining hiatal biometry.

Hans P Dietz1, Vivien Wong, Ka Lai Shek

  • 1Sydney Medical School Nepean, Nepean Hospital, University of Sydney, Penrith, NSW 2750, Australia. hpdietz@bigpond.com

The Australian & New Zealand Journal of Obstetrics & Gynaecology
|September 29, 2011
PubMed
Summary

Measuring levator hiatus dimensions using rendered volumes (RV) is more accurate and repeatable than sectional planes (SP) for assessing female pelvic organ prolapse. This method accounts for the warped nature of the hiatal plane.

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Area of Science:

  • Urogynecology
  • Pelvic Floor Imaging
  • Anatomical Measurement

Background:

  • The levator hiatus, the largest hernial portal, is crucial in female pelvic organ prolapse (POP).
  • Accurate measurement of hiatal dimensions is vital for understanding POP.
  • Current methods for measuring hiatal dimensions vary.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To compare two methods for measuring levator hiatus dimensions: sectional planes (SP) and rendered volumes (RV).
  • To determine the repeatability and validity of each method in relation to POP symptoms.

Main Methods:

  • Offline analysis of 100 4D ultrasound datasets from women in a urogynecology clinic.
  • Measurements were taken using sectional planes (Method A) and 1-2 cm thick rendered volumes (Method B).
  • Test-retest analysis was performed on 20 women.

Main Results:

  • Both methods demonstrated similar repeatability (ICC 0.85 for SP, 0.88 for RV).
  • Rendered volumes (RV) yielded significantly lower measurements for area on Valsalva and pelvic floor contraction.
  • Method B (RV) showed a stronger association with prolapse symptoms compared to Method A (SP).

Conclusions:

  • Measuring levator hiatus dimensions in rendered volumes (RV) is recommended for increased validity and repeatability.
  • This method better compensates for the non-Euclidean, warped nature of the hiatal plane.
  • RV measurements appear more clinically relevant for assessing pelvic organ prolapse.