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Acute renal failure due to urinary tract obstruction
M Martinez-Maldonado1, D A Kumjian
1Department of Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia.
The Medical Clinics of North America
|July 1, 1990
Summary
Urinary tract obstruction can cause acute kidney injury but is reversible with prompt diagnosis and treatment. Management requires attention to physiological changes after urine flow is restored.
Area of Science:
- Nephrology
- Urology
Background:
- Urinary tract obstruction is a common cause of acute renal failure.
- Obstruction can occur at various levels, from the loop of Henle to the urethral meatus.
- Clinical manifestations are often related to renal failure, but history and physical exam can help localize the issue.
Purpose of the Study:
- To summarize the causes, diagnosis, and management of urinary tract obstruction.
- To highlight the importance of prompt recognition and correction of obstruction.
- To discuss considerations during the postobstructive phase.
Main Methods:
- Review of clinical manifestations.
- Analysis of laboratory findings suggestive of obstruction.
- Emphasis on radiologic procedures, particularly ultrasonography, for diagnosis.
Main Results:
- Clinical presentation often reflects renal failure.
- Laboratory tests can indicate urinary tract obstruction.
- Ultrasonography is a key diagnostic tool.
Conclusions:
- Urinary tract obstruction is a reversible cause of acute renal failure.
- Accurate diagnosis and timely intervention are crucial.
- Postobstructive diuresis requires careful patient management.