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Neurologic manifestations of giant cell arteritis
K A Reich1, D F Giansiracusa, S L Strongwater
1Department of Medicine, University of Massachusetts Medical Center, Worcester 01655.
Insights
Giant cell arteritis (GCA) is a common condition in older adults that can affect the brain and eyes. Early recognition of its diverse neurologic and ocular symptoms is crucial for timely diagnosis and treatment.
Area of Science:
- Neurology
- Ophthalmology
- Rheumatology
Background:
- Giant cell arteritis (GCA) is a prevalent vasculitic disease affecting the elderly.
- Neurologic manifestations, including stroke and blindness, are common but often overlooked.
- Uncommon GCA symptoms can lead to delayed diagnosis and treatment.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review the pathophysiology of GCA.
- To detail the neurologic symptoms associated with GCA.
- To emphasize the varied ocular manifestations of GCA.
Main Methods:
- Literature review of GCA pathophysiology.
- Analysis of neurologic and ocular GCA symptoms from existing studies.
- Focus on diverse ocular presentations.
Main Results:
- GCA involves inflammation of blood vessels, impacting neurologic function.
- Ocular involvement in GCA is diverse, ranging from transient visual disturbances to permanent vision loss.
- Delayed diagnosis is linked to under-recognition of varied symptoms.
Conclusions:
- Understanding GCA pathophysiology is key to recognizing its neurologic effects.
- Ocular manifestations are a critical and diverse aspect of GCA.
- Increased awareness of GCA's full spectrum of symptoms can improve patient outcomes.
Abstract:
Giant cell arteritis (GCA) is a common vasculitic disease in the elderly, with a multitude of neurologic manifestations including, but not limited to, stroke and blindness. Many uncommon manifestations are often unrecognized and proper diagnosis and treatment delayed. This review focuses on the pathophysiology and neurologic symptoms of GCA, with special emphasis on the diversity of ocular involvement.