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Related Concept Videos

Overview of Cell Death01:30

Overview of Cell Death

Cell death is an essential process where the body gets rid of old or damaged cells. Cell proliferation and death need to be balanced, as an imbalance between the two may lead to cancer or autoimmune diseases.
Cell death was observed in the early 19th century, but there was no experimental evidence to prove it. In 1842, Carl Vogt first discovered cell death in a metamorphic toad; however, it was not termed ‘cell death.’ Scientists discovered different cell death pathways only in the 20th century...
Cellular Injury V: Apoptosis and Autophagy01:22

Cellular Injury V: Apoptosis and Autophagy

Cells respond to damage and stress through highly coordinated processes that decide whether they survive or undergo controlled self-destruction. Two major pathways involved in this regulation are apoptosis, a type of programmed cell death, and autophagy, a survival mechanism that helps cells adapt to adverse conditions.ApoptosisApoptosis removes aged or injured cells to maintain tissue balance. During this process, the cell shrinks, chromatin condenses and fragments, and membrane-bound...
Cellular Injury IlI: Cellular Death01:11

Cellular Injury IlI: Cellular Death

Cell death is the irreversible loss of cellular structure and function, representing the final stage of severe injury. It plays a key role in both normal physiology and disease.Types of Cell DeathThe two main types are necrosis and apoptosis, though others like necroptosis and pyroptosis also exist.Necrosis:Necrosis is an unregulated form of cell death caused by severe injury such as trauma, toxins, or ischemia. It is characterized by cell swelling, membrane loss, rupture, and leakage of...
Necrosis01:16

Necrosis

Necrosis is considered as an “accidental” or unexpected form of cell death that ends in cell lysis. The first noticeable mention of “necrosis” was in 1859 when Rudolf Virchow used this term to describe advanced tissue breakdown in his compilation titled “Cell Pathology”.
Morphological Manifestations of Necrosis
Necrotic cells show different types of morphological appearance depending on the type of tissue and infection. In coagulative necrosis, cells become anucleated and die, but their...
Apoptosis01:30

Apoptosis

Apoptosis is a combination of two Greek words, 'apo' and 'ptosis,' meaning separation and falling off, respectively. Hippocrates used this word to describe gangrene, which was caused due to bandaging of fractured bones. Apoptosis was distinguished from necrosis in 1970 when John Kerr reported observations of morphological changes occurring during apoptosis. During one experiment, he observed that the disruption of blood supply to the liver tissue resulted in a size reduction of the tissue.
Autophagic Cell Death01:18

Autophagic Cell Death

Christian de Duve discovered “autophagy,” a process in which cellular components are engulfed by membrane-bound organelles called autophagosomes. The autophagosomes then fuse with lysosomes to digest the enclosed contents. Autophagy is generally activated in cells to prevent cell death. However, cell death is triggered when the damage is beyond repair.
Autophagy and Apoptosis
Autophagy can activate apoptosis. In normal conditions, the autophagy activating protein Beclin-1 and pro-apoptotic...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 28, 2026

LPS and ATP-induced Death of PMA-differentiated THP-1 Macrophages and its Validation
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Cell death pathology: perspective for human diseases.

Massimiliano Agostini1, Paola Tucci, Gerry Melino

  • 1Medical Research Council, Toxicology Unit, Leicester, UK. ma285@le.ac.uk

Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications
|October 4, 2011
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Apoptosis, a regulated cell death process, is crucial for tissue homeostasis and immune responses. Its deregulation contributes to diseases like cancer, making apoptosis modulation a therapeutic target.

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Identification of Intracellular Signaling Events Induced in Viable Cells by Interaction with Neighboring Cells Undergoing Apoptotic Cell Death
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Identification of Intracellular Signaling Events Induced in Viable Cells by Interaction with Neighboring Cells Undergoing Apoptotic Cell Death

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Quantification of Cytokine-Induced Cell Death in Human Colonic Organoids Using Live Fluorescence Microscopy

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Area of Science:

  • Cell Biology
  • Molecular Biology
  • Pathology

Background:

  • Apoptosis is a genetically controlled cell death mechanism vital for organismal health.
  • Dysregulation of apoptosis is implicated in various human diseases, including cancer and neurodegeneration.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To highlight the physiological and pathological significance of apoptosis.
  • To underscore the therapeutic potential of modulating apoptotic pathways.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing literature on apoptosis.
  • Analysis of the role of apoptosis in development, homeostasis, and immunity.
  • Examination of the link between apoptosis deregulation and human diseases.

Main Results:

  • Apoptosis is essential for tissue development and immune system regulation.
  • Aberrant apoptosis is a key factor in the pathogenesis of cancer, autoimmune disorders, and neurodegenerative conditions.

Conclusions:

  • Targeting apoptosis offers a promising strategy for treating a range of human pathologies.
  • Understanding and manipulating cell death pathways is critical for therapeutic intervention.