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Spark Plasma Sintering Apparatus Used for the Formation of Strontium Titanate Bicrystals
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Phase stabilization in nitrogen-implanted nanocrystalline cubic zirconia.

Gonghua Wang1, Guangfu Luo, Yun Liang Soo

  • 1Department of Chemistry, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE 68588, USA.

Physical Chemistry Chemical Physics : PCCP
|October 6, 2011
PubMed
Summary

Nitrogen doping stabilizes cubic zirconia nanocrystals, even at larger sizes. This is achieved through interstitial nitrogen, which hardens the soft mode, preventing phase transitions in nanomaterials.

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Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Nanotechnology
  • Solid State Physics

Background:

  • Phase stability in nanocrystallites is typically linked to small grain size.
  • Maintaining phase integrity in larger nanomaterials is a significant challenge.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the role of nitrogen dopants in the formation and stabilization of cubic zirconium dioxide (ZrO2) nanocrystalline films.
  • To understand how nitrogen influences phase transitions in ZrO2 nanocrystallites.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized a mixed nitrogen and argon ion beam assisted deposition (IBAD) technique to create nitrogen-implanted cubic ZrO2 nanocrystallites (8-13 nm grain size).
  • Employed thermal annealing to study phase evolution.
  • Conducted X-ray absorption near edge structure (XANES) studies and first-principle modelling.

Main Results:

  • Observed phase evolution from cubic to tetragonal to monoclinic upon annealing.
  • XANES and modelling revealed interstitial nitrogen's crucial role in stabilizing the cubic phase.
  • Identified the soft mode hardening mechanism as responsible for phase stabilization.

Conclusions:

  • Interstitial nitrogen is key to stabilizing the cubic phase in nitrogen-implanted ZrO2 nanocrystallites.
  • The soft mode hardening mechanism explains the enhanced phase stability.
  • This approach offers a method to control phase integrity in nanomaterials with larger crystallite sizes.