A sequence-specific protease cleaves a maternal, cortical protein during early embryogenesis in Sciara coprophila...

One of the first events of egg activation in Sciara coprophila (Diptera) is the disappearance of an abundant maternal 38-kDa protein (p38) and the simultaneous emergence of an abundant 35-kDa protein (p35). Western blotting experiments using monoclonal antibodies directed against p38 reveal that p38 and p35 are serologically related and indicate that maternal p38 is transformed into p35 during early development. This transition is possibly accompanied by a conformational change in the part of the protein that is common to both protein species. The processing of p38 to p35 can be mimicked by trypsin treatment in vitro, suggesting that a trypsin-like protease is responsible for this conversion in vivo. Immunostaining indicates that the p38 class of antigens is evenly distributed in the periplasm of early cleavage embryos. After the arrival of nuclei in the periplasm, the antigens become associated with the infolding cellular membranes. A similar membrane association of actin can be observed with anti-actin antibodies. Nevertheless, p38 and actin are clearly distinct from each other. We presume that p38 is a product of a maternal effect gene necessary for early dipteran development.