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Estimating speech spectra for copy synthesis by linear prediction and by hand
Robert E Remez1, Kathryn R Dubowski, Morgana L Davids
1Department of Psychology, Barnard College, Columbia University, New York, New York 10027, USA. remez@columbia.edu
Linear prediction (LP) analysis for speech acoustics is error-prone. Uncorrected LP estimates significantly reduce synthetic speech intelligibility, especially with natural phonemic variation.
Area of Science:
- Speech processing
- Acoustic phonetics
- Speech synthesis
Background:
- Linear prediction (LP) is a common method for analyzing speech acoustics.
- LP is known to be error-prone, potentially impacting speech synthesis.
- Assessing the intelligibility of LP-derived synthetic speech is crucial.
Purpose of the Study:
- To evaluate the accuracy of linear prediction (LP) estimates in speech analysis.
- To determine the impact of LP errors on the intelligibility of synthetic speech.
- To compare LP-derived speech synthesis with hand-estimated parameters.
Main Methods:
- Generated synthetic sine-wave sentences using both uncorrected LP estimates and hand-corrected estimates from natural sentences.
- Controlled linguistic properties including voicing (continuous/intermittent), manner (oral/nasal, fricative), and phonemic variation.
- Conducted intelligibility tests on the synthesized speech samples.
Main Results:
- Sentences generated with hand-estimated parameters showed uniformly good intelligibility.
- LP-derived sentences exhibited a minimal intelligibility decrease with continuous voicing and manner variation.
- A significant drop in intelligibility was observed for LP-derived sentences with phonemically unrestricted variations, unlike hand-estimated ones.
Conclusions:
- Uncorrected linear prediction estimates incur a substantial intelligibility cost in speech synthesis.
- The accuracy of LP estimates is critical, particularly when dealing with natural phonemic complexity.
- Hand-estimation of synthesis parameters offers superior intelligibility compared to uncorrected LP methods.
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